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The Electric Vehicle


In the early 1990's the Japanese were skeptical about the electric market, for the same reasons as the American companies were, and decided to hold out on further development. .
             The next key event occurred on January 3, 1990, when Roger Smith, CEO of General Motors, held a press conference to unveil the sporty battery-operated Impact (Sperling 1995). General Motors fell under the California ZEV mandate requiring major auto makers (those selling over 35,000 vehicles a year in California) and thus was the first to announce its plans to produce and electric vehicle. Ford, Toyota, Chrysler, Honda, Nissan and Mazada all met the numerical qualification of a major dealer and are thus subject to the ZEV mandate taking effect in 1998. Six of the seven auto makers have unveiled their own version of the electric vehicle, with a few still in the prototype phase. GM, through Saturn, has also joined the race and unveiled its EM V-1 electric vehicle (which was the Impact) while Ford and Chrysler plan to begin full production of their electric Ecostar and TEVan respectively. Honda finally unveiled its electric version of the new RAV 4 at the end of 1996, succ! .
             essfully entering them in the EV market These companies are expected to produce electric subcompact cars, minivans and light pickups as the deadline nears. .
             Not all electric vehicles produced for 1998 will come from these seven auto makers. Smaller auto makers like Mercedes and Volvo are expected to produce electric vehicles of their own to compete with the other seven (Yamaguchi 1996). A small American company, Solectria, has already started production on a full sized sedan, a pickup truck and a roadster. .
             Impacts on Humans .
             I. New Technology .
             A. Range .
             The electronic vehicle, or EV, is driven by a battery that runs exclusively on electric. The batteries that exist today have a limited range between fifty and seventy-five miles per full charge. Newer prototype batteries have a rather large increase in their range, but they are still prototypes.


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