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Monomania- A comparison of Moby-Dick and Billy Budd


Ahab is obsessed with the white whale and tells his crew that " I "ll chase him round Good Hope, and round the Horn, and round the Norway Maelstrom, and round perdition's flames before I give him up" (Melville (1),156 ). A critic comments that "Captain Ahab's unrelenting pursuit of the great whale is an obsession" that forces him " to act in ways that are self-destructive" ( Gunn, 2). Ahab's obsession with the whale stems in part from the injury that it caused him but also from the fact that he views the whale as " all that most maddens and torments; all that stirs up the lees of things; all the truth with malice in it; all that cracks the sinews and cakes the brain; all the subtle demonisms of life and thought; all evil, to crazy Ahab, were visibly personified, and made practically assailable in Moby Dick" (Melville (1), 175). The critic D. H Lawrence perhaps sums it up best when he says," Ahab is a monomaniac. Moby Dick is his monomania. Moby Dick must DIE, or Ahab can't live any longer"(Lawrence, 584). Similarly, an obsessed Claggart persecutes Billy Budd until he provokes Billy into killing him. Claggart takes an instant disliking for Billy from their first meeting. He begins to hate him fervently and "seizes upon the soup spill as an indication of Billy's malice and uses it as an excuse to increase the level of his own enmity" ( Phillips, 18). One critic noted that," John Claggart's hatred for the sailor (Billy) everybody loves" for no real reason at all " is an obvious obsession".
             ( Gunn, 2). Claggart's hate begins to boil over in the small confines of the ship and soon turns into a veritable " monomania eating its way deeper and deeper in him. Something decisive must come of it" ( Melville(2) , 60). Before long, Claggart lets his monomania get the best of him and he falsely accuses Billy using a hurriedly fabricated lie. Captain Vere challenges Claggart's accusation of Billy by saying," Do you come to me with so foggy a tale?".


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