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Egypt


102). Widespread resentment towards British colonization grew. The relationship between the two countries at first was not defined in the beginning of the twentieth century. However, after direct control of Egypt revealed the economic benefits that resulted as well as the route to the India, and the desire not to give it up to France, Britain was left with no choice but to maintain occupation. This occupation came to the detriment of the majority of Egyptians who were used as a labor force to support the British economy. Furthermore, the preconceived biases and racist propaganda, which was manipulated to justify occupation, enraged the Egyptians. "The individual who presided over the occupation with absolute authority for its first quarter century was Evelyn Baring, later Lord Cromer, a colonial administrator with several years' service in India. Cromer's attitude toward non-western, non-Christian peoples was typical of many British officials in the late Victorian era. Convinced of the innate superiority of Western civilization, Cromer believed that Orientals' could never improve their lot until they mastered the ways of the West, and for this they required a long apprenticeship under the enlightened tutelage of 'advanced' countries like Great Britain- (Cleveland, pg.103). .
             What perpetuated the anti-western sentiment on behalf of the Egyptians was the racist institutionalization of colonial policies coupled with its eventual legality at the hands of Abdul Hamid II. The latter colonial policies that were implemented played such an important role in the maintenance of occupation of Egypt on behalf of the British. Egypt was used for the resources it proved to the British armies who invaded Syria, which was under the mandate of the Ottoman Empire. Although Egypt was spared as a direct battleground during WWI, the strategic location it proved along with the resources left the Egyptian people collectively with almost nothing.


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