.
Prohibition.
If any one theme describes the mystique of the 1920's that word is prohibition: the forbidding of the production, consumption and selling of alcoholic beverages, all associated with the inferno of gambling, prostitution and cigarette smoke. As drink was "destroying the minds and bodies of American men" (and women). William Windom, a US Senator had commented that alcohol "artificially stimulates an evil habit it methodically breeds debauchery, poverty, anarchy and crime". But the new society was too close to its own debauchery. 'Burning the candle at both ends' was the social addiction of the day. It only took 6 months of the Prohibition era for thousands of secret taverns, called speakeasies, to shoot up all over the USA.
Years of protesting finally paid off for all those wearing the 'Bread, not Booze" badges on the 20 January 1920, when the 18th Amendment came into affect, and a there was a creation of a new social reality.
No American law, however, had ever been so obviously disregarded. When asked in the mid-1920, New York City chief of police said that he estimated that there were over 32,000 speakeasies, or "speaks" operating in his city alone . .
Although this amendment was put in place to "save" America from the evil of drink, it literally killed an estimated 50 000 people, and as well, bad booze lead to hundreds of thousands of cases of blindness and paralysis. Since being made illegal there were few safety standards, the booze trade was spinning out of the nation's control.
Gangsters controlled America's urban underworld during the Twenties. Prohibition failed in many areas, but it successfully created one of the largest black markets. Al Capone, the most notorious gangster of the time quickly became a multi-millionaire. He used his millions to control Chicago's politicians and police officers. Capone had seven hundred gunmen under him, and their job was to "eliminate" the competition.