The gorilla shares more physical features where as the chimpanzee holds more of the behavioral and intellectual characteristics. However, the main separation between humans and all other animals is the ability to reason. This trait gives humans an advantage over all other creatures because while the ape may chose to use the stick or bone as a weapon to hunt the man is the only one who would choose to form it into a blade and make a true weapon out of it. Although in a few instances it has been reported that chimps will purposely deceive the people or other chimps around them to get something they want. This has happened in the wild as well as in captivity. One can see that this type of behavior relates to human behavior quite easily. Two reasons Wrangham and Peterson believe that humans and chimpanzees share biologically fixed behaviors are (1) that they are more closely related to each other than chimpanzees are to gorillas and (2) that chimpanzees are a good model for our earliest ancestor and retain conservative traits that should be shared by both. The first of these statements is still hotly debated and, according to various kinds of genetic evidence, chimpanzees, gorillas, and humans are so close that it is difficult to tell exact divergence time or pattern between the three (Marks, Schmid and Sarich personal communication). Given sociobiological tenets, the claim that can now proceed from "known facts," rather then mere theory, to ethics. These facts are basically that (1) the goal of living organisms is to pass on one's genes at the expense of all others, and (2) an organism should cooperate with others only (a) if those others carry some of his or her own genes (kin selection) or (b) if at some later date the others might aid the organism (reciprocal altruism). However, because animals might not be able to make these calculations on the spur of the moment, evolution has endowed our genes with a moral ethic to reciprocate because, ultimately, this may help to perpetuate and multiply our own genes.
