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The Symbolic Nature Of Caves In E. M. Forster's A Passage To India



             Having seen one such cave, having seen two, having seen three, four, fourteen the visitor returns to Chandrapore uncertain whether he has .
             had an interesting experience or a dull one or any experience at all. He .
             finds it difficult to discuss the caves, or to keep them apart in his mind, for the pattern never varies (Forster 137).
             Here Forster suggests that the Marabar Caves, so recently described as resonating with spirituality, may have little impact on those who experience them. This conflict between intangible spirituality and the tangible human experience defines the theme of A Passage to India. In the essay "A Passage to India: Analysis and Revaluation,"" Gertrude White defines the novel's theme as " 'the chasm between the world of actions and the world of being;' the search for the wholeness of truth, and the harmonizing 'between Real and not-Real, true and false, being and not-being- (White 52-53). The caves act as church-temple-mosque, the location where one confronts the conflict between the emptiness of humanity and the fullness of spirituality. .
             The separate experiences of Mrs. Moore and Adela at Marabar Caves illustrate the symbolically spiritual nature of the caves. Both women have traumatic experiences that change the core of who they are. Mrs. Moore, the well meaning and sympathetic Christian, is open to the Indian way of life when she arrives in Chandrapore. Her experience in the caves prompts an inner challenge of her belief system, causing her to doubt both her convictions and the nature of human relationships. In the cave, "For an instant she went mad there was also a terrifying echo The echo in a Marabar cave is entirely devoid of distinction. Whatever is said, the same monotonous noise replies utterly dull. Hope, politeness, the blowing of a nose, the squeak of a boot - (Forster 163). In the essay "What Happened in the Cave? Reflections on A Passage to India,"" Louise Dauner comments on Mrs.


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