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The Civil War


Like Englishmen of 1642 and 1688 they were taking a revolutionary path in order to defend traditional liberties against a centralising power. .
             The tariff's imposed on the south played a big role on the rebelion and eventual out break of war in the south. It should be said, however, that economic and cultural differences within a single culture shouldn't automatically lead to conflict. Tension between the sections was heightened by the southern conviction that federal government policy was promoting northern interests and its way of life. The idea of "states rights" was a fundamental tenet of American constitutionalism and its importance was by no means limited to the South. Indeed it was the New Englanders who in the period prior to the war of 1812 had sought through the assertion of states rights to restrain the anti-British policy of the southern "War Hawks". With the increasing conflict with federal policy the South came to see states rights as their principal instrument of resistance. One of the most important issues over which conflict arose was the imposition of the tariff. Tariffs on international trade were introduced in 1816, 1824 and 1828, and remained an important aspect of American commercial policy until as late as 1860. The tariff was a measure aimed at the consolidation of the United States; by placing protective duties on imported goods it was believed that domestic industry in the north-east would be strengthened. The expanding territories in the west would supply agricultural produce for the urban areas of the east while absorbing the industrial goods produced in the eastern factories. This arrangement was known as the "American System" and its creator was the western senator, Henry Clay of Kentucky. This protectionist system was understandably unpopular in Britain and when in 1862 William E. Forster MP ventured to suggest in the House of Commons that slavery was the cause of the Civil War he was met by contradictions of "No" and "The Tariff, the Tariff".


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