It seems to reach a consensus that scientific approach and human relations approach are two key management theories. The purpose of this essay is that take a deep look to indicate the advantages, disadvantages and comparison between both theories.
The first advantage of scientific approach is jobs simplification. In motion and time studies, the jobs simplification motivate individual to perform better and thus increase the efficiency of operations. Second, scientific approach makes quality improvement. Taylor, the Father of Scientific Management, who introduced time-and-motion study came out with the idea of one best way of performing duties and tasks. Time-and-motion study make task simplified, the worker was responsible for only a specific and small aspect of the job. This resulted in few or zero defects, thus enhancing quality. Third, scientific management is very well suited for certain types of work. For example, fast food firms are run on scientific management lines. The procedures are designed to be the most efficient and they are followed to the letter. As the staff of fast food restaurants tends to be temporary, a scientific management approach backed up by quality inspection helps maintain standards. .
There are some advantages of human relations. First, human relations approach is being applied for the knowledge-based work. For example, aircraft service personnel; the provided service cannot easy to measure the performance. .
There are some disadvantages of scientific approach. First, scientific approach is time-bound. It emphasis upon financial motives was more appropriate in the early part of this century. Today, income levels are high and needs are changing. Once people were submissive, now they are educated and independent. Second, scientific approach omits important dimensions of managerial and organizational behavior. It does not deal with the problems of leadership, motivation, power or informal relations.
