Down syndrome is a birth defect caused by a genetic disorder that affects 350,000 people in the United States. It is caused by abnormalities in the genes and is not inherited, meaning that parents do not pass this onto their children. In order to understand Down Syndrome, one must examine genetics of a "normal" person as well as a person with Down Syndrome.
Genetics is the study of heredity, or how certain traits are passed from parents to their children. Genes are the basic unit of heredity while cells are the building blocks of your body. Each person has more than 100 trillion cells. Our genes are located in chromosomes. Each cell in your body contains 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs. In the case of a person with Down syndrome, there are 47 chromosomes. In 1956, a French researcher named Jerome Lejeune used a new powerful microscope to view human strands of DNA. DNA is what holds an individual person's genes. He studied these DNA strands and determined that there is an extra strand in chromosome 21, which is now called "Trisomy 21" tri meaning three and somy for the word chromosome - meaning three chromosomes. No one knows exactly what causes Down syndrome aside from it being genetic.
Many years ago, this condition was known as "mongolism" or people that had it were called "mongolian idiots". But in later years, Asian people as well as parents of these children protested these terms and in the 1960's the condition became known as Down syndrome in honor of the English doctor John Langdon Down. Who, in 1866, studied people with mental retardation and noted distinct physical features in them. Some of the physical features associated with Down syndrome are low muscle tone, many newborns appear as floppy and not toned, they have flat facial features especially a small nose with a flattened nasal bridge. Their eyes are slightly slanted with small skin folds at the inner corner. The have a short neck, small abnormal shaped ears, and an enlarged tongue that often tends to protrude making speech difficult to understand.
Downs Syndrome In the United States about one in every 1000 live births is a child with Downs Syndrome. Downs Syndrome affects all races and genders. ... The Medical problems are involved with Downs Syndrome are more severe in Downs then they would be in that of a healthy child. ... ("The Story of Downs Syndrome") What are the Different Types of Downs Syndrome? ... (National Downs Syndrome Assoc.) ...
Downsizing means more than passing out pink slips. ... "Sometimes downsizing is a management tool. ... We won't mention the other costs of downsizing. ... Most companies just announce downsizing, they never tell you why they are downsizing. ... Downsizing should be planned carefully. ...
DOWNSIZING INTRODUCTION Definition In a business enterprise, downsizing is reducing the number of employees on the operating payroll. ... The basic GOAL for a successful downsizing is "work better and cost less". ... Effect of downsizing on employee morale Organizations have seen the negative affects of downsizing. ... Downsizing can threaten employees" sense of well being in several ways. ... Communicating with employees during downsizing is vital. ...
DOWNSIZING INTRODUCTION Definition In a business enterprise, downsizing is reducing the number of employees on the operating payroll. ... The basic GOAL for a successful downsizing is "work better and cost less". ... Effect of downsizing on employee morale Organizations have seen the negative affects of downsizing. ... Downsizing can threaten employees" sense of well being in several ways. ... Communicating with employees during downsizing is vital. ...
Overview of Corporate DownsOverview of Corporate Downsizing Corporate downsizing has been the forerunner to the loss of millions of jobs. ... The reasons mentioned are widely seen as respectable initiatives for downsizing. ... In the event that economic growth is slow, downsizing usually transpires. ... Alternatives to Downsizing When organizations are faced with the issue of cutting costs, many first reactions are to cut labor, which usually results in downsizing. However, it is often recommended to the organizations that are considering downsizing to look at all of their alternative...
Before the downsizing project came into play I did not have to operate a vehicle. ... In conclusion there is no foolproof way for me to protect myself from the downsizing efforts. The impact of downsizing is felt by all, and not only by the employees that loose their jobs. Downsizing has become a common occurance at my company. ... There will always be a negative outcome when downsizing any company without a plan. ...
A lot of organizations invest their efforts in helping the downsized employees to move on. ... To truly benefit from the layoffs and downsizing you experienced, however, you need to invest even more energy in the people who remain behind after downsizing and layoffs. ... A part of these productive capabilities will be lost when a company chooses to downsize. ... Downsizing must consider both the economic aspect and the socio-psychological aspect. ... People experience personal distress during changes such as downsizing. ...
Michael Moore has a talent for bringing modern issues concerning politics and society at large to the forefront. This talent is obviously apparent in Downsize This! Random Threats from an Unarmed American. Bringing serious issues that concern everyone American, and more as evidenced by his incredi...
The Barbershop Assessment The Barbershop is the best real life comical drama I have ever seen. This movie has it all together, from the main character conquest, to the old wise man, Eddie, and accepting people for who they are in life. This movie consists of a real life theme of African-Ame...
Rinehart, by means of Hancock Prospecting, imparts 50 every penny of the benefits produced by the Hope Downs mine, which is worked by Rio Tinto and produces 30 million tons of iron metal yearly. ... In December 1992 Hope Downs Iron Ore entered a State Agreement to pick up security for the Hope Downs dwellings. The Hope Downs mine has initiated, (November 2007) with 50 percent accomplices Rio Tinto Iron Ore (RTIO). A second mine at Hope Downs 1 South started November 2008. The Hope Downs Project speaks to an imperative point of reference for the organization. ...
