Machiavelli adopts this line of reasoning by claiming that justice is relative. This argument is also a basis for Marx's concept of class structure.
The dialogue then shifts to Glaucon and Adeimanius who claim that justice can fit into one of the following categories. First, that justice can be for its own sake, not for consequences. Secondly, justice can exist for its own sake and for consequences. Lastly, justice may be present simply for appearances to impress others. Plato agrees with the second definition. He claims that the just individual is equal to the just city. Then, Plato uses this point to introduce his plan of the ideal city. .
Plato's model for the ideal city is a society in which people perform the task that is best suited to them. Plato organizes people into three categories. The philosopher kings would be the elite ruling class. He expresses the superiority of the philosopher kings through the Allegory of the Cave. According to Plato, philosophers were the only ones who had transcended from the dark cave of ignorance and had broken free of the shackles of greed and self-interest. Since these philosophers were the only ones who were able to see light of truth, it was in the best interest of society for these philosophers to become philosopher kings as the noble and virtuous leaders of society. These philosopher kings would be taken away from their families and endure years of rigorous training. As the rulers of the community, they would instill virtue among the public and the state would operate in a just manner. The next social class of the Guardians would be less educated and act as the protectors of the society. They would fight and represent courage. The Aristians would make up the vast majority of society and produce the goods. Plato suggests that the city should control the population through a harsh system of eugenics to insure that the people are assigned to roles that are appropriate to their worth and to sustain these class distinctions.
Aristotle was Plato's student. Aristotle managed to be a devoted student even though he disagreed with Plato on his theories. ... (Palmer, p.59) in the allegory of the cave: Sensible Realm vs. ... Aristotle refutes Plato's Theory of Forms using the third man argument. ... Though there are similarities between the theories of Plato and Aristotle they are different in a big way. ...
The beliefs of Plato and Aristotle can be both valid and invalid in many different ways. ... Personally, as I mentioned already, I think neither is completely valid and I also believe that without Plato's views coming into play, Aristotle's views are quite passé. ... Although regardless I do ultimately agree with the ideas of Aristotle over those of Plato, I also feel that ultimate agreement with Plato in this essay would be somewhat illogical and contradicting of the itinerary expected. Aristotle believes in experience as reason and Plato does not. ... In relation to this ...
As an example of their fundamental differences, we can take Aristotle's critique of Plato's theory of the forms. Aristotle critiques Plato's forms as only abstract copies of actual things or beings. ... The idea that the soul (psyche) is the form of the body was agreed upon by both Plato and Aristotle, however, the question of the soul being mortal, as Aristotle believed, or immortal, as Plato believed is were the similarity ends. ... Aristotle did agree with Plato that the soul is the form of the body. ... Consequently, both Plato and Aristotle had their own views on this c...
." -- Aristotle, Neomachean Ethics, p. 165 In Aristotle's writings, he disagrees with Plato's views on the world in many different instances. In this quote, he states that though Plato is his friend and might have taught him a lot, Aristotle believes his way of thinking is correct and he isn't afraid to refute Plato's ideas. ... In his book Neomachean Ethics, Aristotle's ideas conflict with those of Plato many times. ... First, Aristotle objects to Plato's suggestion to have common children in the state. ... Finally, in his book on Poetics, Aristotle c...
Plato vs. Aristotle The Teacher and the Pupil When Aristotle was seventeen years old, he was brought to the Academy, which was founded by Plato, to study among the great philosophical minds of his era. ... Just as Plato was studied under the wing of Socrates and later established his own philosophy, Aristotle followed suit. ... In terms of women, Aristotle was in total disagreement with Plato on their importance. ... From here I can now say that I don't agree with the philosophies of Aristotle, or as much as I do with Plato's. ...
Although this was said by Darth Vader to Obi Wan, it nonetheless provides the perfect setting for the philosophical debate that, in my opinion, would exist today Plato and Aristotle. Aristotle, a student of the Academy, did not believe in Plato's theoretical view of the world. ... He, unlike Plato, accepted that the world was constantly evolving and welcomed the transformations. ... But it will always be Plato to whom Aristotle is indelibly linked. Plato once called him, "the intelligence of the Academy". ...
I personally find it odd that Aristotle's views differ so much from Plato's views when he was a student of Plato. Plato's theories of the personality of the human deal a lot with the soul and the soul's parts and how they function, whereas Aristotle's thoughts are more centered on different kinds of souls. ... It think that Plato has a very good theory here and backs it up well, but find it not as interesting or believable after hearing Aristotle's view on the same subject. ... I believe that because Aristotle has such a distinctive science background that all ...
Plato's thoughts on reality were "heavily influenced by Heraclitus, Parmendes, and Socrates " (Silverman). Plato's metaphysical view, for example, has us divided into two worlds: the becoming and the reality. ... Plato illustrated his concept of reality with his divided line analogy. ... By contrast, Aristotle was a empiricist, meaning his ideas came from the senses and experience. ... Aristotle, who believed as a scientist that a focus on understanding the observable world was the priority, explained reality and entelechy by the four causes. ...
This distinction has been presented in many forms : real vs ideal; spirit vs flesh; earthly vs ethereal; temporal vs eternal; imperfect vs perfect. ... The reason why I am so condemnatory of modern philosophy is because it has generally accepted this dualism of Plato's uncritically, when his star student Aristotle did not. ... Both accepted Plato's dualism, but simply picked opposite sides of the same coin. ... If Aristotle had been given due attention, philosophy would be very different today. Aristotle rejected the idea that the mind and body are contradictory or mutu...
