"Expert systems, case-based reasoning, neural networks, and genetic logarithms represent an applied branch of the computer science field of artificial intelligence (AI)". According to Henry Lucas (2000 p. 595).
As our world simultaneously shrinks and expands through the growing abilities and applications of computers in our everyday lives, it seems that the role of the computer has been reversed. Before we knew that the computer only understood what we programmed it to understand; however, now the majority of our society is learning more from computers than they are able to input into it. As stated, it only seems that the roles are being reversed, because somewhere far down at the beginning of the line someone is programming the computer.
However, a transition is occurring among computer programmers, as they attempt to create machines that learn rather than machines that must be programmed. It has become the hope of many engineers that the "mechanisms of human thought could be precisely modeled and simulated on a computer". .
This is known as Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence, or AI, since its conception, has grown from a dozen researchers, to thousands of engineers and specialists; from programs capable of playing checkers, to systems designed to diagnose disease (Dumm p. 4).
In the article Artificial Neural Networks by Alexx Key source: http://www.computerworld.com/softwaretopics/software/appdev/story/0,10801,57 545,00.htm1 we can find out more about the artificial neural networks and Artificial intelligence.
"The first artificial neural network was invented in 1958 by psychologist Frank Rosenblatt. Called Perceptron, it was intended to model how the human brain processed visual data and learned to recognize objects. Other researchers have since used similar ANN's to study human recognition". The article debates the following:.
Structure: An artificial neural network operates by creating connections between many different processing elements, each analogous to a single neuron in a biological brain.
