In other words, it rejects the rationalism and individualism that come along with modernity. Another person that tries to define what exactly fundamentalism is, is a person Jeffrey K. Hadden, who is also discussed later in this paper.
Throughout the history of fundamentalism, it can be seen that there are various different categories that fundamentalism can be broken into. Jeffery K. Hadden has identified four types of fundamentalism. First, there is theological fundamentalism. This is the movement concerned with defending traditional Christian doctrine against modern thinking. Secondly, there is political fundamentalism. This is a combination of theological fundamentalism and the idea that religious leaders have to combat against worldly vices. Political fundamentalism can best be seen in "The Monkey Trial," with William Jennings Bryan, which will be mentioned later in this paper. These two types of fundamentalism have molded together to form cultural fundamentalism, which is culturally uninfluenced individuals bent on preserving tradition at the expense of progress. And lastly, one can see global fundamentalism. This type of fundamentalism encompasses a broad rang of different fundamentalistic views that form in a variety of religious and political systems. .
Modernism is a major idea and influence that started to iccur in the church during the early part of the twentieth century. The thoughts on this, eventually, began to be applied to the church. This is one of the major instigators for the rise of fundamentalism. It started in the 1920's, which began the slide towards modernism. It started off very steady and progressive. It became evident that it would soon begin to affect ideas and beliefs within the Protestant church. The teaching of evolution in schools was one of the major fights the fundamentals took head on. This is seen very clearly in what is called "The Monkey Trial.
