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Political strucure of Great Britain


There are 650 M.P's elected to the House of Commons but only 370 seats in the debating chamber for them to sit on; they do not have their own special seats or desks there. The size of the Commons has deliberately been kept small. Even so, the Chamber is very rarely full. The chairman of the House of Commons is called the Speaker.M.P's are paid a not very generous salary plus expenses. The Prime Minister and his or her Ministers are paid on a higher scale. The Leader of the Opposition also receives a good salary.Who sits in the Lords?1. All peers (lords) and peeresses who have inherited their titles have the right to take their seats in the House of Lords. But not everyone does so.2. Distinguished men and women who have been made peers for their life-time. Their titles cannot be inherited.3. Certain clergy of the Church of England: the two Archbishops and 24 Bishops (called "the Lords Spiritual").4. Some judges (called "the Law Lords")On average, 280 members attend the House of Lords daily. They receive expenses but no salary for the days they attend.It does not have the same power as the House of Commons. Even so, many people want to abolish it because the members have not been elected by the people.The House of Lords can:1. Pass Bills sent to it from the House of Commons.2. Amend Bills and send them back to the Commons for approval. 3. Delay Bills for a limited time.4. Start its own Bills, but it must send them to the Commons for approval.The House of Lords is also the highest Court of Law in Britain. The Law Lords appeal against judgments made in lower courts.Bills must pass both Houses of Parliament and then receive the Royal Assent (be signed by the Queen) before they become Acts of Parliament and are the law of the land.The British democratic system depends on political parties. At one time there were two parties. Conservative and Liberal. When one party won more seats than the other in an election, it formed the Government; the other party opposed the Government - it was 'in opposition'.


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