As with all democracies, there is a national and state government. Of the three branches of government, executive, legislative and judicial, I will be discussing the judicial branch of government. .
The power of all three branches is shared and intertwined. The President, head of the executive branch, nominates members to the Supreme Court of Justice (Conniff, 2002). Those nominees must be ratified by the legislature (Conniff, 2002). If so, they serve office for a period of 10 years (Conniff, 2002). Within the judicial branch itself, there are five Superior Courts, three Appellate Courts and other tribunals such as Municipal Courts (Conniff, 2002). .
There are five Superior Courts in the Republic of Panama; Family Courts, Minor Courts, Maritime Courts, Boards of Conciliation and Decision and of course the Supreme Court (AAM, 1). Beginning with the Family Courts, this court is based in the capital of each province and has jurisdiction over adoption related topics as well as divorce proceedings (AAM, 1). Then, there are Minor Courts, which, as it's name obviously points out, "has jurisdiction over offenses committed by minors up to 18 years of age" (AAM, 1). Next, there are Boards of Conciliation and Decision. This court has complete jurisdiction in Panama as well as handling law suits claiming labour benefits under $1,500 and case dismissals (AAM, 2). Another superior court is the Maritime Court created by law 8 of March 1982 and ratified by law 11 of May 23, 1986 (AAM, 2). These courts, as the name suggests, has jurisdiction over areas concerning maritime commerce and traffic within Panama (AAM, 2). Maritime Courts also handle "claims arising elsewhere form maritime commerce and traffic when actions are filed against a vessel or it's owner and the vessel is attached within the jurisdiction of the Republic of Panama" (AAM, 2). Finally, there is the Supreme Court of Justice. This court is the highest and handles constitutional matters, civil cases, interprets administrative acts as well as certain labour court decisions and it also acts as a trial court in certain criminal cases that involve high ranking officials (AAM, 1).
Colombia is a Northern South American Republic, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Panama and Venezuela, and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Ecuador and Panama. ... Their executive branch dominates the government's structure. ... The Spanish Law is a criminal code that is modeled after the United States judicial review of executive and legislative branches. ...
It shares borders with Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Venezuela and Panama. ... It has a separation of powers into executive, judicial and legislative branches. The legislature has a congress.The supreme court is the judiciary and The executive branch would be the president. The governors of the Departments of Colombia are elected through popular vote to represent the president (executive branch). ... Bolívar united Colombia, Venezuela, Panama, and Ecuador in the Republic of Greater Colombia, but he lost Venezuela and Ecuador to separatists. ...
Costa Rica is a Central-American tourist attraction located below Nicaragua and above Panama. ... The Legislative Branch has one house called the Legislative Assembly (Asamblea Legislativa) and has 57 seats. ... The Judicial Branch has a Supreme Court (Corte Suprema). 22 justices are elected for eight-year terms by the Legislative Assembly. ... Vasco Nunez de Balboa crossed Panama and is credited with "discovering" the Pacific Ocean in 1513. Exploring along the Pacific coast north and west of Panama in 1522, Gil Gonzalez Davila vent into Costa Rica and Nicaragua. ...
Costa Rica is in the Central American isthmus, with Nicaragua to the north and Panama to the south. ... There are three branches of government, the judicial, executive, and legislative (although it is made up of one chamber, unlike the U.S. whose Congress is bicameral.). ... Also, to the south is Panama, with a reputation of drug trafficking illegal drugs coming from South America. ...
The president would make all major appointments to both the executive & judicial branch, but the appointments would be approved by a majority vote of the U.S. ... House of Representatives (specifically the Judicial Committee) holds hearings and gathers evidence then turns over everything to the full House for a vote > a majority vote of the full House is required to impeach (or indict) the president. ... Included in the Budget & Accounting Act on 1921 Congress created the Bureau of the Budget (as part of the Treasury Department), and for the first time the executive branch presented one budg...
Mexico is also pursuing various trade agreements with countries such as with Panama, and the European Free Trade Association (Norway, Switzerland, Iceland, and Liechtenstein) that would add on to agreements already made with NAFTA, the European Union, Chile, Costa Rica, Bolivia, Colombia and Venezuela, and Nicaragua (http://www.usatrade.gov, p.3). ...
