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Contreversy Surrounding Stem Cell Research


Scientists believe that once extracted and manipulated, stem cells could be substituted for "bad cells- in patients suffering from various diseases and ailments. People who could potentially benefit from these "substitute- cells include patients suffering from, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injuries, and diabetes. However, scientists are still in the researching phase of embryonic stem cells, and are yet to provide a cure to any of the diseases mentioned.
             The main stem cells subject to testing are stem cells extracted from left over embryos during in-vitro fertilization. In-vitro fertilization is a medical procedure used to impregnate women who do not have the ability to reproduce naturally. A mature egg is extracted from a female's ovary and fertilized outside her body. Once fertilized, the egg is returned to the uterus and develops into a normal fetus. The procedure price is high, yet the success rate is considerably low, with only 10-15 percent of attempts actually producing a healthy baby. The in-vitro fertilization procedure itself requires many human embryos; therefore many embryos are "leftover-. Scientists aspire to research the leftover embryos, before they are discarded after a seven-year time frame, because they have lost the ability to develop into a fetus. Scientists would require numerous stem cells, and therefore numerous embryos to research because once extracted, stem cells are very unstable and often crash. .
             Because an embryo must be destroyed to harvest the stem cells, the research is both ethically and politically controversial. In 1996, the government banned federal funding of research that would harm, damage, or destroy human embryos. Conversely, the Clinton administration decided in 199 to allow federal money to pay for stem cell projects, as long as researchers not receiving federal funds extracted the cells. In 2001, President Bush announced that he would allow federal funding for research on some existing embryonic stem cells, but strongly opposes human cloning, and the extraction of stem cells for scientific research.


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