In 1945, representatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco at the United Nations Conference on International Organization to put together the United Nations Charter. On October 24, 1945, the Organization came into existence and is celebrated by many people all over the world. This occurred when France, the United States, China, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and other signatories ratified the Charter. The Charter is the constituting instrument of the United Nations. It is responsible for setting out the rights and obligations of Member States, and establishing the Organization's organs and procedures. Although the United Nations is much larger, there are six principal organs that should be recognized. They are the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, and Secretariat.
The United Nations' purpose is to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, and to cooperate in solving international economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems. The last two purposes of the United Nations are to promote respect for human rights and fundamental freedom and to be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in attaining these ends. One of the main purposes of the United Nations is the maintenance of international peace and security. Since the foundation of the United Nations, they have been requested to prevent disputes that would escalate into wars, by explaining to the opposing parties that matters should be taken care of at the table and not at war. The United Nations' theory on war is that it puts a lot of people lives at risk. The United Nations has ended many conflicts with the help of the Security Council, the primary organ for dealing with issues of international peace and security. Other councils that play a major role in international peace and security are the General Assembly and the Secretary-General.
