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War


Moreover, it is clear that force has not lost all utility in international relations and global politics. The continued use of or threat of the use of force by nuclear states and the proliferation of wars among non-nuclear powers prevents us from concluding that major war is obsolete in the nuclear age. In considering the likelihood of major war in the future it is necessary to inquire into the causes of war. Some consider war to be a necessary consequence of the state system. With no overall sovereignty to maintain peace and each state pledged to defend its territory war is the natural result of international insecurity. Others search for the domestic causes of war in the domestic structure of states. Thus some forms of socio-political organisation are held to be more prone to violence than others. Some argue that war is the result of particular economic systems. Some researchers stress the role of the individuals as a cause of war since it is individuals who declare war and also engage in the fighting. There is no ultimate cause of all wars and the search for a grand theory which purports to explain all wars as a fruitless exercise. War can be situated within a wider theory of conflict and in thinking about the past, present and future society. .
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             Robert Gilpin assesses the likelihood that changes in global politics might lead to what he terms hegemonic war. He argues that disequilibrium has developed between the governance of the international system and the prevailing distribution of power and that this instability could produce conflict likely to destabilise the system. After assessing five destabilising tendencies Gilpin argues that five factors in the current global political system work in favour of peace and against hegemonic war. First, the global military system is remarkably resilient and since 1945 the basic framework of two central blocs and a non-aligned periphery has remained intact.


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