A fingerprint is the friction ridges on the hands, which facilitate gripping an object and the sense of touch.
2. It is an impression of the friction ridges on the skin of the fingers. .
B. Three types of fingerprints.
1. The three categories of fingerprints are latent, patent, and impressed.
2. The most important type of fingerprint in criminal investigation is the latent print.
C. Thesis.
Though fingerprinting hasn't always been the method to identify criminals, it has quickly became one of the most important aspects of criminal investigation. .
II. History of the Fingerprint Science.
A. Pre-Fingerprint Discovery (www.onin.com).
1. In the earlier civilizations, such techniques as maiming and branding were used to identify the criminals in the society. .
a. An example of the maiming method would be to remove the hand that committed thievery from the suspect. .
b. An example of branding would be to burn a scar into the convicted skin so everyone would know. .
2. The Bertillon System was the first method used to measure and record the dimensions of certain bony body parts to identify criminals.
a. This technique was named after its inventor, Alphonse Bertillon, in 1870.
b. The idea of the system was that the measurements taken would be reduced to a formula. The formula would only apply to one person, and it would never change in their lifetime. .
c. The Bertillon System remained in use for 30 years, until the infamous West case (1903), caused a problem with its reliability. .
d. When Will West was being measured and incarcerated; they realized someone in prison already had nearly the exact same formula. .
e. This proved that the Bertillon System would not suffice as a accurate method of criminal identification.
B. Post-Fingerprint Discovery (www.onin.com).
1. 1823 - John Evangelist Purkinji.
a. A professor who published his thesis that discussed nine fingerprint patterns.
b. Unfortunately, he made no mention of there use for personal identification.
DNA Fingerprinting: Guilty or Innocent? ... This nucleic acid's precision develops a fingerprint, which identifies a criminal. ... With such great odds, DNA can be tested to find the genetic fingerprint of a person. ... This process results in a genetic fingerprint. ... Many experts say DNA fingerprinting precisely identifies a criminal. ...
DNA Fingerprinting DNA Fingerprinting DNA Fingerprinting is also referred to as DNA profiling and DNA typing. ... The DNA fingerprinting process is called gel electrophoresis. ... They question how accurate a DNA fingerprint is and the cost of it. ... A DNA fingerprint may not be unique. ... He was the first murderer to be convicted by a DNA fingerprint....
He suggested a nine-category classification system for fingerprints. ... In 1892, Sir Francis Galton published Fingerprints. ... Fingerprint Automation: AFIS By 1920, there were suggestions as to how many points of comparison were necessary to classify two fingerprints as identical. ... In 1999, the FBI upgraded their fingerprint database making it fully computerized and thus implemented the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS). ... In May 1979, a British fingerprint examiner, L. ...
DNA Fingerprinting is also referred to as DNA profiling and DNA typing. ... The DNA fingerprinting process is called gel electrophoresis. ... They question how accurate a DNA fingerprint is and the cost of it. ... A DNA fingerprint may not be unique. ... He was the first murderer to be convicted by a DNA fingerprint....
AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems) allows law enforcement agencies to conduct applicant and suspect fingerprints with literally thousands or millions of file prints in a matter of minutes. ... Technicians can computer-enhance fingerprints when preparing them from a search. ... The computer assists but does not replace the fingerprint expert. ... Second is the storage and retrieval of fingerprint data. ... The system can examine three million fingerprints per second. ...
DNA fingerprinting has many advantages and disadvantages. ... Without DNA fingerprinting, Davis might have been convicted. ... Another danger for DNA fingerprinting is that it is totally different from traditional fingerprinting, which only can be used for identification. ... What if DNA fingerprinting also helped reduce crime? ... DNA fingerprinting can also assist in the location of missing children. ...
Analysing DNA from samples of body fluids or body tissue in order to identify individuals is referred to as DNA fingerprinting. ... DNA fingerprinting is often used to provide evidence in criminal investigations. ... Therefore it has been argued that DNA fingerprinting is the greatest forensic tool in the history of forensic science. ... It is for this reason that DNA fingerprinting is considered to be one of the greatest tools in forensic sciences. ... In conclusion, DNA fingerprints can be used to compare one or more individuals. ...
Bioethical Issue: Mandatory DNA Fingerprinting Science has come a long way in DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting isn't just a sample of your fingerprint; it is a sample of your DNA. ... " This is a fantastic example of how DNA mandatory fingerprinting would be great to have. ... DNA fingerprinting could help save families of victims a lot of anguish and torment of not knowing and put more criminals behind. ... I think in this case that the good outweighs the bad and I'm all for the mandatory DNA fingerprinting. ...
Genetic finger printing is the greatest advance in science since finger printing itself. Genetic fingerprinting was first developed as an identification technique in 1985. It was originally used to detect genetic diseases but it was soon used in criminal investigations. DNA is extracted from ...
