Female circumcision, the partial or total cutting away of the external female genitalia, has been practiced for centuries. Often performed without anesthetic under septic conditions by lay practitioners with little or no knowledge of human anatomy or medicine, female circumcision can cause death or permanent health problems as well as severe pain. Despite these risks, its practitioners look on it as an integral part of their cultural and ethnic identity, and some perceive it as a religious obligation. Opponents of female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation (FGM), see it as a violation of human rights. .
Female circumcision is practiced in many forms. Type I, clitoridectomy, is the removal of the clitoral hood with or without removal of all or part of the clitoris. Type II, excision, is the removal of the clitoris together with part or all of the labia minora. Type III, infibulation, is the removal of part or all the external genitalia (clitoris, labia minora and labia majora) and stitching or narrowing of the vaginal opening, leaving a very small opening, about the size of a match stick, to allow for flow of urine and menstrual fluid.
Depending on the country and specific group involved, a variety of instruments, usually crude ones such as special knives and even sharp stones are used to perform this procedure. In villages, instruments used to perform the procedure are usually not sterile. Often many girls are "operated" on during a single ritual ceremony. The practice is generally performed upon girls between the ages of four and twelve. Sierra Loene recounted her traumatic experience at the age of 10:.
"I was taken to a very dark room and undressed. I was blindfolded and stripped naked. I was forced to lie flat on my back by four strong women, two holding tight to each leg. Another women sat on my chest to prevent my upper body from moving. A piece of .
You have just been subjected to female circumcision. ... There are four main reasons for performing female circumcision. ... The risks of female circumcision extend from infertility to perineum damage. ... Female circumcision is an important part of the societies that practice it. ... Now ask yourself is female circumcision morally wrong. ...
Female circumcision is practiced worldwide. ... Female circumcision is practiced in Africa to this day. ... In Africa, there are four main forms of female circumcision. ... The actual number of deaths resulting from female circumcision is unavailable. ... In a society, which requires female circumcision, women are the minority group. ...
Female circumcision is practiced worldwide. ... Female circumcision is practiced in Africa to this day. ... In Africa, there are four main forms of female circumcision. ... The actual number of deaths resulting from female circumcision is unavailable. ... In a society, which requires female circumcision, women are the minority group. ...
FEMALE CIRCUMCISION Male circumcision has been done around the world since the era of B.C. ... Female circumcision however is done in different procedures and has many "purposes" as to why this practice takes place. Female circumcision, commonly known as Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is practiced in over 30 countries in the world. ... The first procedure is called Sunna Circumcision. ... Althaus says, "Female Circumcision is an integral part of the societies that practice it, where patriarchal authority and control of female sexuality and fertility are given. ...
Female circumcision, the partial or total cutting away of the external female genitalia, has been practiced for centuries in parts of Africa, generally, as one element of a rite of passage preparing young girls for womanhood and marriage. ... The practice of female "circumcision," or traditional female genital surgery, is simultaneously complex and controversial. ... There are significant medical sequelae and public health ramifications of female circumcision; therefore most U.S. physicians probably would agree that programs to abolish it should continue. ... Female circumcision is ...
In The Science, Rogaia Mustafa Abushard explains female circumcision, a ritual performed in Africa and parts of Asia. ... The circumcision has much serious health risks including depression, miscarriages, AIDS, and other infectious diseases, or even the possibility of death. A majority of these women would not have subjected their children to circumcision if they were aware of the health risks involved. ...
Without religious or racial prejudice, who is to affirm whether male circumcision and female genital modification are a basic human right or cruel punishment that must be put to an end immediately? As to if male circumcision and female genital modification should be performed, is a controversial question. ... Though there is much controversy placed on male circumcision, there is none more placed than on female genital modification. ... So while male circumcision seems to be a matter of humans" rights, female genital modification can fall in none other than humans" rights abuse. In countries su...
Female circumcision is just recently becoming an issue. This practice has been going on for centuries in the African and Arabic communities. This practice is done to keep women "pure" before they are married. In most cases it is done in unsanitary conditions using razor blades, scissors, kitchen ...
Female Circumcision: Rite of Passage or Violation of Human Rights? ... In Africa, female circumcision has been an integral part of society for centuries. ... Female circumcision has stood as part of their cultural and ethnic identity; and some perceive it as a religious obligation. ... Female circumcision is an integral part of societies that practice it, where patriarchal authority and control of female sexuality and fertility are unspoken traditions. ... Assuming the sequence of events towards implementation was rallied by the majority of the Kenyans, the government has the right to st...
