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Fgm


            Female genital mutilation, which is performed through much of Africa, is unsafe if it is not performed properly and in a sterile environment. With some financial help from other countries, female genital mutilation could be continued in the cultures, but without the harmful side effects. There are many different types of female genital mutilation, but all are extremely dangerous if they are not performed with the right equipment, and in the proper place. Female genital mutilation has been performed in these cultures for centuries, and trying to put an end to it would be asking a little too much, but educating the people on the topic is a realistic goal. .
             There are actually four types of female genital mutilation, and the first type is often referred to as a clitorectomy. This is when the surrounding skin of the clitoris is removed, with the option of the clitoris being removed (Joel E. Frader paragraph 6). Excision, the second type of female genital mutilation is the removal of the clitoris and the labia minora. Catgut stitches or thorns may be used to limit bleeding from the clitoris (Joel E. Frader paragraph 7). The most severe form of female genital mutilation is known as infibulation. This is when the clitoris and the labia minora are removed, and the labia majora has incisions made in it. If someone is subject to the third type of female genital mutilation, the urethra and vagina are covered, only leaving a posterior opening for menstrual and urinary flow (Joel E. Frader paragraph 8). The fourth type of female genital mutilation is done many different ways, but involves piercing or incision of the clitoris and labia, followed by scraping into the vagina (Joel E. Frader paragraph 9). .
             About one-hundred to one-hundred and thirty-two million women around the world are genitally mutilated, and about another two million are added onto that every single year, according to the World Health Organization (Wellard paragraph 15).


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