Ivan Turgenev, in his 19th century novel Fathers and Sons, uses many character pairings to provide insights into the many thematic concerns of the novel. Turgenev uses many literary techniques masterfully to help portray his own beliefs and to show the conflict that was occurring in 19th century Russia. Turgenev's novel is meant to portray his political concerns, such as his liberalistic ideals and his attitude toward Nihilism and the Revolution. Turgenev also uses many literary aspects in conjunction with his character pairings, such as the conflict between generations.
Perhaps one of the most evident character pairings is the relationship between Evgeny Vasilev, otherwise known as Bazarov, and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov. Bazarov and Pavel are complete opposites of each other. From the very beginning the tension between the newly acquainted Bazarov and Pavel is evident. "Nikolai Petrovich introduced him to Bazarov: Pavel Petrovich bowed his elegant figure slightly and smiled slightly, but didn't extend his hand and even put it back in his pocket."(Turgenev pg. 12), shortly following that, more dislike is expressed, "Is he going to stay here with us?" "Yes" "That hairy creature?"(Turgenev pg. 13). This discord is further inflamed when Bazarov reveals his nihilistic and revolutionary beliefs. Pavel hates Nihilism; therefore since Bazarov is the impersonation of Nihilism, Pavel hates Bazarov and everything he stands for.
Turgenev seems to metaphorically represent himself in Pavel. The pairing of Bazarov and Pavel illustrates one of the thematic concerns of the novel, Turgenev's hate of Nihilism. Bazarov is the representation of Nihilism and Pavel is representative of the ways of the old generation, .
which should be preserved according to Turgenev. This conflict was very evident and heated in 19th century Russia and it is also a prevalent and necessary conflict for the novel.
Pavel and Bazarov are extremely committed to the ideals of their respective beliefs.
