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Nationalism or a strong feeling of loyalty to ones own country (Childcraft dictionary) brought about competitive manners amongst Europe, causing aggressive results at times. Nationalism was strong in Europe but it was especially strong in France and Germany. Germany was proud of their economic and military strength while France was one of Europe's leading powers. The French were still mad at their defeat in the Franco-Prussian war in 1871 because their leader Napoleon III was overthrown and they had to accept harsh peace with Germany. The peace treaty said that they (France) had to surrender their provinces of Alsace and Lorraine and pay a huge sum of money to Germany. At the same time in Austria-Hungary, they feared nationalism because they worried that Serbia would rebel and be in a different country. Meanwhile Russia had a powerful form of nationalism called Pan-Slavism, which stated that all Slavic people shared a common nationality. So, Russia as the largest Slavic country stood ready to defend Serbia. In the Ottoman Empire, they feared Serbia and Russia because Serbia was aggressive and they also dreamed of having their own south slave state, and Russia over the past years was decreasing the Ottoman Empire borders by invading them and they wanted revenge for that. The feverish nationalistic attitudes swept through Europe starting at the conclusion of the French Revolution. Peoples with like ideologies and cultures not only wanted to live together, they wanted their own sovereign state. Because of the creation of the German Empire in 1871, Germany feared an attack was coming due to the mass jealously of Germany's advancing industry and military antecedents. By this time Germany seemed to be the most advanced in military and in industry, so in order for self-defense of each European country, alliance agreements were reached. Great Britain, France and Russia made the Triple Entente, while the opposing powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy created the Triple Alliance.
