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Secure Socket Layer


A secure socket layer is an encryption protocol invoked on a Web server that uses HTTPS. SSL is a type of sockets communication and resides between TCP/IP and upper layer applications, requiring no changes to the application layer.
             SSL is used typically between server and client to secure the connection. A common TCP/IP sockets call is substituted for a call to SSL sockets and a variety of application programming interfaces (APIs) are offered. This approach of "plugging in" security at the socket layer can significantly reduce development time in contrast to building and incorporating the necessary cryptographic components to assure the same security.
             3. SSL PROTOCOL .
             The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) governs the transport and routing of data over the Internet. Other protocols, such as the HyperText Transport Protocol (HTTP), Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), or Internet Messaging Access Protocol (IMAP), run "on top of" TCP/IP in the sense that they all use TCP/IP to support typical application tasks such as displaying web pages or running email servers. .
             The SSL protocol includes two sub-protocols: the SSL record protocol and the SSL handshake protocol. The SSL record protocol defines the format used to transmit data. The SSL handshake protocol involves using the SSL record protocol to exchange a series of messages between an SSL-enabled server and an SSL-enabled client when they first establish an SSL connection. This exchange of messages is designed to facilitate the following actions: .
              Authenticate the server to the client. .
              Allow the client and server to select the cryptographic algorithms, or ciphers, that they both support. .
              Optionally authenticate the client to the server. .
              Use public-key encryption techniques to generate shared secrets. .
              Establish an encrypted SSL connection. .
             The SSL protocol supports the use of a variety of different cryptographic algorithms, or ciphers, for use in operations such as authenticating the server and client to each other, transmitting certificates, and establishing session keys.


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