A quote by Pearl Buck states that she believes that in most American novels, the incident and environment is much more important than the characters. For the Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, I believe that her quote is true. I think that the characters could have been changed and yet still produce close to the same affect that the current story has. However, if the time and environment was changed, I feel that the story would not convey the same outcome and affect.
Although characters are important to any story, of course, the characters can be molded into any environment or incident for the most part. Their clothing and speech would obviously be one of the first things that would be noticeable. Dialects and accents change over time and from place to place. If modern conversations, ways of speech, and clothes were used in the Scarlet Letter then the characters would be very out of place according to the time period and the book would not be very reasonable. The main incident however and the overall outcome would be acceptable and reasonable to that time period, even if the characters and their actions were not.
The characters would be out of place in a modern world, but the environment could not even work in a modern world. Characters themselves help to make the environment, but the environment and the incident make the main part of this story. This book would not fit in our time period. To start with, adultery is unfortunately more common. Hester would not have even been considered to be killed because she committed adultery. Promises, which were a big part of the story, are rarely kept today and used very often and have lost much of their meaning. If Hester had kept her promise in a modern time period, the reader and audience would not accept her decision most likely. Also, DNA testing could have been done immediately to find out who was the father of Pearl. This would have defeated the whole purpose of Roger Chillingworth's character.