Mitochondria are found in nearly all eukaryotic cells. There may be only one, but usually there are hundreds to thousands per cell. The Mitochondria is like the powerhouse of the cell. It is directly correlated to the cell's activity. It is approximately 1-10um (micrometer) long and 1um wide. They are often oval but can change shape. They move freely in the cytoplasm of the cell. The mitochondria can divide and they contain their own ribosomes and DNA. The mitochondria are not part of the endomembrane system because it is not made by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The mitochondria are made of free ribosomes that are floating in the cytosol and those that are part of preexisting mitochondria. They have two membranes. The first membrane is smooth. It is it's outer most shell. It is highly permeable to small solutes, and blocks the passage of proteins and other macromolecules. The inner membrane is to be considered rough because it has folds and ribosomes on it. These folds are called cristae. This is the site for oxidative phosphorilation of ADP into ATP, which is where the cell gets its energy. These two membranes make two compartments to the organelle. First is the innermembrane space, which is located between the outer membrane and the inner membrane. It has a similar composition to that of the cytoplasm of the cell. The second is the matrix, which is inside the inner membrane. This contains enzymes that catalyze many of the steps in cellular respiration, which is another main process that provides the cell with energy. .
The chloroplasts are found in eukaryotic algae, leaves and other green parts of plants. Their measurements are about 2um by 5um. They have a double membrane surrounding it. They have flattened membranous sacs inside the chloroplasts called thylakoids, stacks of these thylakoids are called grana. This is where the chlorophyll is found. This is the site for the step in photosynthesis where light is initially converted into chemical energy.
The main driving force behind photosynthesis for the plant is its chloroplasts. ... Chloroplasts are made of chlorophyll, which is a group of light-trapping green pigments. ... The inner part of the chloroplast has a fluid-filled gap called the stroma. ... There are chloroplasts in the thylakoid membrane. ... Chloroplasts belong to a group called plastids. ...
Abstract Plant cells contain organelles called chloroplasts which are responsible for photosynthesis in plants, the movement they create around the plants cells is defined as cyclosis (cytoplasmic streaming). ... To do this, we had torn a part of an Elodea leaf, with a drop of water followed by it on a slide to observe the chloroplasts movement around the cell walls with the aid of a microscope. Secondly, we timed the chloroplasts movement around the cell walls at different amount of light intensity. As a result, during this chloroplasts reacted differently with the amount of light that they w...
The process of photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells. The structure of the chloroplasts consists of folded up stacks known as grana. The membrane within the chloroplasts is known as thylakoid membrane. ... In addition, two additional membranes called the outer/inner membranes surround the chloroplast. ... The dark reaction takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast. ...
The hypothesis to the experiment states that when plant chloroplasts are exposed to different light wavelengths, the absorption rate remains unchanged. This is directly affected by the different types of pigments available in chloroplasts. ... The following procedure is known as chloroplast isolation. ... The supernatant was in turn centrifuge at high speeds to obtain the chloroplasts. The chloroplasts was inserted into test tubes filled with a propylene glycol solution and then set in a boiling water bath. ...
In this lab experiment, we monitored the light dependant reactions of photosynthesis in the chloroplasts by using the dye DCIP, which was used as a substitute for NADP- . ... From this information, we were able to form our hypothesis that Tube 1 has already undergone photosynthesis, Tube 2 and Tube 4 would undergo photosynthesis because it had all of the necessary ingredients, Tube 3 would not undergo photosynthesis because it had no chloroplast, Tube 5 would not undergo photosynthesis because it lacked light, and Tube 6 would not undergo photosynthesis because it contained sarkosyl, which wo...
In the light phase, photosynthesis relies on chloroplasts to absorb light energy to produce the glucose. The chloroplasts reside in a thylakoid membrane and within the chloroplasts is chlorophyll. ... These chloroplasts and chlorophyll are pigments which function as light-gathering antenna. ... The electron transport chain that connects the two systems releases energy that the chloroplast uses to make ATP (Campbell, Reece 110). ...
Photosynthesis is the process by which the energy of sunlight is absorbed and used to power the formation of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water. Although primarily associated with green plants, photosynthesis also occurs in algae and a variety of bacteria. This process ultimately supp...
