Compare and contrast Scientific Management with the Human Relations Theories of Management. How would a knowledge of these two approaches help you manage a welfare service.
This essay will address theories of Scientific Management and Human Relations theories of Management, and discusses how they may be implemented into the welfare service. Evidence of advantages and disadvantages and similarities and differences will be discussed and critically evaluated. Attempts to look into which social class these theories are best applied will be discussed. Science means "to know" and attempts to find out information by gathering knowledge. Thus the two theories which are being studied are in pursuit of this knowledge. Scientific Management is a study of management and attempts "to know" what motivates people to work harder and become more productive. The Humanistic approach is a far more modern approach to management adopting a far more hands on approach, but with ultimately the same goal. The two approaches to management will be discussed, incorporating the effectiveness in society today and relating it to the probation service. To conclude, an evaluation will be made on the findings.
Between 1760 and 1830 saw the Agricultural revolution farmers were realising that you cannot just take from the land or the crops will not be sufficient for the needs. A system had to be introduced to manage the crops more effectively. They realised that by rotating the crops and to leave fields for alternate years to allow the goodness back into the land they could produce far more quality foods. Agriculture and domestic textile were the main types of work among the lower classes. Workers would not resist pressures to get their work done as their incentive was to have Mondays off which was known to then as Saint Monday. James Watt a sociological thinker of his time, states that this would be the day that they would often find themselves too drunk to be able to go to work, so they worked harder during the week, setting their own incentives, so they could have the day off.
