Lucias Cornelius Sculla, (82-78 B.C.) led the Romans is Social War and later became dictator and master of the city of Rome. He brought Corinthian columns form the temple of Olympian .
Zeus in Athens to renew the shrine of the Roman Jupiter in the capital. This act symbolized the transferal of spiritual power from the aristocracy of the Senate to autocratic leaders, and art began to be shaped by their preferences. This satisfied the Roman desire for grandiose architecture by being the model of .
Hellenistic majestic ornate style. The first leader to resolve the conflict of this desire for "magnificence beyond anything the world had ever seen" and the moralistic fear that Greek art was "corrupting Roman virtues" was Augustus Caesar. He used art as imperialistic treasures with his building program. Some examples of his architecture are; the Forum, Council House and .
Temple of Apollo on the Palatine. These examples illustrate effectively the might and grandeur of the Roman Empire. The reign of Augustus brought forth the mindfulness of other art forms, such as literature. Virgil (70-19 B.C.), was a .
Roman poet, who wrote the great epic poem, the Aeneid (30-19 B.C.) during the last ten years his life. This masterpiece contained 12 books, and was written in dedication and praise to the glories of Augustus and his empire. It celebrated the Roman imperial values in the role of its Trojan hero Aeneas, who is destined to found a new city in Italy. Virgil was patronized by Maecenas on behalf of .
Octavian (later the emperor Augustus). He composed in the traditional Homeric meter of hexameters. In contrast to the Iliad and the Odyssey, the Aeneid, is considered the first great literary epic, while Homer's epics are deemed works of oral poetry. Virgil constructed this epic at the request of Augustus, to glorify Rome whereas, Homer chose to create based on societal morals. The late art of the Roman republic is synonomous to the last stage of the Hellenistic art period of Greece.
