. The Pueblo people didn't realize that converting a new religion was the major problem. The Pueblo people were persecuted for participating their own religion, and the Popé; the medicine men lost their position in helping the natives. According to the text,four of the medicine men that they tried to work a spell against a Christian priest. The sentence was death [?] the four men-revered by Indians?were hanged. Also in the plaza where all could see, jailers whipped the other forty-three beloved leaders, then threw them into dungeons?(57). They were sentenced to dead and put in prison because they were healing other people. Another reason was the zeal of the Franciscans. The Pueblos people were anxious to destroy all the sighs of the old religion, and all old customs. The Pueblo people were forbidding of native dancing, and so were Kachina-dolls and other sacred thing. The Pueblo people were forced to adapt the moral codes of the Franciscans, while the Franciscans didn't always follow those themselves. .
All this hard for the Pueblos people, especially cause the punishment for breaking of the rules were harsh, and often the natives didn't even understand the reason for the punishment. In their point of view the Spanish were simply oppressing them. Missionaries also took tribute from the native. In effect this meant that the Pueblos had to feed their oppressors. They were also forced to do labor service for the missionaries, mainly to build missions and churches. .
However, missionaries weren't the only problem, usually, the governors in New Mexico were adventures seeking for benefit. Some of them took as the slave and even converted natives. Sometimes, they organized slave-raids to native villages. The church opposed the governors and their actions, which lead to a fierce between the governors and the church.
All these factors lead to the Pueblo-revolt in 1680, but why did the great rebellion happen exactly in 1680? Why not in the beginning of the Spanish rule, or in next century? Again there were several reasons to agitate Pueblos just before 1680, and these all together caused the rebellion.