Fixed beam or moving beam read a bar code symbol by a beam of light that must pass over the symbol at a fairly rapid and constant rate of speed. In some input devices the beam of light is stationary and movement is introduced by an operator's hand motion or by moving the bar code symbols themselves, as they would on a conveyer. In other input devices, laser scanners, the beam of light oscillates quickly back and forth. All that's required of an operator is to point the light at the bar code symbol and have the beam cross all the bars of the symbol. .
Hand held or fixed mount input devices are held in the hand. Others are fixed in stationary positions, usually near a conveyer belt of some sort. Grocery store check-out registers use a type of fixed mount scanner called a plate scanner. .
Contact or non-contact, a sub-group of hand held, include contact wands which are a common type of input device. They are swept over the bar code label as if drawing a straight line on a piece of paper with a pencil. Non-contact input devices emit a focused beam of light that is pointed at a bar code label and the scanning device does not physically touch the label. .
While each technology uses a different method for reading bar codes, all result in a digital signal that must be translated into recognizable, or computer-compatible, data. This is accomplished by using decoding software that resides in the scanner itself, or in a separate device placed between the scanner and the terminal. Using an algorithm, the decoder identifies and interprets each bar coded message, and transmits that data to the host computer. .
Bar code systems can use several symbologies. A symbology is equivalent to a language. Each symbology has strengths and weaknesses. Many symbologies are around for historical or political reasons, while others have definite technical advantages.
Code 128 symbology is a very compact bar code for all alphanumeric applications.
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