1. deep sea exploration
Secondly, the opposition of Confucian conservatives also.
contributed through their concern to maintain their traditions and society, and to reject.
any changes that would threaten these. A third problem was the lack of Chinese capital.
and the reliance on slow modernization. Finally, the technological backwardness of.
China, which contributed to a fundamental contradiction in Chinese thinking, particularly.
their destruction of the modern infrastructure they so badly needed, further contributed to.
their failure.
The Self-strengthening movement's ideas for the modernization of China were based.
on a limited vision of which parts of China needed to be modernized. The movement did.
not see modernization in terms of creating a new modern Chinese nation-state along.
Western lines. Rather, it was essentially seen as a way to strengthen the existing.
Confucian order,1 and to be "an intrinsically conservative response to dynastic decline."2.
This conservatism was due to the movement's belief that China need only purchase and.
make modern weapons from the West, particularly warships, and to build the limited.
industrial infrastructure to support this, in order to defend itself from Western imperialism,.
and therefore protect it's sovereignty.3 This misconception of the West's power can be.
seen in the case of Li Hongzhang (Li Hung-chang) who, as Hsu argues, " . . . believed,.
somewhat naively, that possession of steamships and guns with explosive shells alone.
would suffice to stop foreign aggression."4.
What Li and many other Self-strengtheners failed to recognise was that the West's.
power was based not only on modern weapons, technology and industrialisation, but.
also on the West's modern political and economic systems. By concentrating mainly on.
weapons for defence, the Self-strengthening movement virtually ignored the need for.
reform of China's obsolescent political and economic institutions.5 This was because the.
progressives saw modernization in terms of technology, not in terms of institutions or.
The New China Westerners have been trying to get rich in China for over 150 years. ... The term "Greater China" was termed by former Communist Party Secretary, Zhao Ziyang, as reunified China that included Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Mainland China. ... Economic Conditions in Mainland China China is increasing at a steady speed as it continues to sustain rapid economic growth. ... The Chinese carry a special ledger in their heads. ... This to many Chinese people was known as China's Managerial Revolution. ...
Cantonese, the first language of 4% of the Chinese speaking world, is the most widely known and influential variety of Chinese other than Mandarin. ... Chinese (Cantonese) is in Sinitic type. ... Manchu transcriptions of Chinese words are very valuable to the study of Chinese phonology of the Ching dynasty. ... Briefly, in Chinese the basic language unit is the syllable. ... The difference here is that there is no article in Chinese and there is no auxiliary words in English like that in Chinese. ...
The People's Republic of China is a vastly populated country. ... This decline is a result of China's government enforced one-child policy. ... This doesn't seem to be the case in modern China. ... So who really knows the future growth of China? ... But do not worry, China will retain its crown as the most populous nation....
The People's Republic of China is a vastly populated country. ... This decline is a result of China's government enforced one-child policy. ... This doesn't seem to be the case in modern China. ... So who really knows the future growth of China? ... But do not worry, China will retain its crown as the most populous nation....
China was the most powerful country in the East. ... China had 2 major philosophies: a. ... China restricted Europeans from entering. ... Westerners wanted to trade with China desperately and they accepted the terms of China. ... Japan, like China, was very isolated. ...
China is more urban today than ever before. ... Shanghai is China's largest city. ... China encourages late marriage and late childbirth. ... Water pollution is a tremendous problem in China. ... China has greatly improved the urban environment. ...
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From the earliest awakenings of Chinese civilization, the Chinese have sought out what they believe to be spiritual perfection. ... It has been rightfully stated that Chinese art is not just a hobby. ... The position of China in relation to the Korean peninsula made it nearly inevitable for the way of life in China to spread into Korea, and parts of Japan. ... Chinese art spans the greatest length of time of all the world's cultures. Throughout their history, the Chinese have adhered to one tradition. ...