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Anti-Trust laws

So to make it more difficult for monopolies to be created or remain in the economy the government passed two more laws. The Clayton Act was passed in 1914 and its main goal was to be more specific. The three main specifics of the Clayton Act were it outlawed the use of tying a contract. Tying a contract is where buyers must purchase additional items to receive the items they truly want. The second was that it outlawed mergers that caused less competition. Finally it outlawed unjustified price discrimination. Price discrimination is where one buyer is charged more or less then another buyer for the same product (Poole, 1). The other act that was passed at the same time as the Clayton Act was the Federal Trade Commission Act. The Federal Trade Commissions Act created what is now known as the Federal Trade Commission. The Federal Trade Commission investigates businesses that were considered greedy of unfair in their business practices. They were also allowed to issue notices to companies they found using practices that were unfair orders to "cease-and-desist". The commission was set to define what they considered to be unfair in business practices, but since it was not clearly defined much of their power was taken away. The Sherman Anti-Trust Act along with the Federal Trade Commissions Act and the Clayton Act are the customary laws used for determining trade misconduct and violate (Poole, 1). .
             One of the most famous cases of a market industry creating a monopoly and then falling because of the government's intervention is Standard Oil. Samuel Dodd established the Standard Oil Trust in 1882 (Tarbell, 5). Although Dodd invented the trust, John Rockefeller took control of the business. Once Rockefeller gained control of the business he began making changes to it to make it a better institution. To begin changing the business in the direction he wished he concentrated on expansion.


Essays Related to Anti-Trust laws

1. Baseball Antitrust Exemption

However, through the judicial courts of the federal government, antitrust laws apply to all professional sports, except baseball. ... No area of law has impacted professional sports over the past thirty years than antitrust. ... (Champion, 52) Various groups have used the antitrust laws: e.g., players, owners, colleges, etc. ... Professional baseball has been the only industry in the United States that is exempt from the antitrust laws without being subject to alternative regulatory supervision. This exemption to antitrust laws has been since its formation. ...

  • Word Count: 4828
  • Approx Pages: 19
  • Grade Level: High School

2. Antitrust

The Microsoft Antitrust Case has provided a wealth of debate on the future and relevancy of antitrust laws in the information economy. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the Microsoft Antitrust Case and present various perspectives on the applicability of antitrust laws in the information age. ... In providing the context for the Microsoft Antitrust Case and the information economy, this paper will also provide an overview of monopolies, antitrust law, characteristics of the information economy, and perspectives on the future state of monopolies. ... Significant thrust ...

  • Word Count: 1085
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

3. Sports Economics

For this reason antitrust issues in the sports marketing context present complex challenges for the courts, legislature, and public policymakers. ... These features make the application of antitrust laws designed to support and preserve competition difficult. ... Fan antitrust issues involve the availability of sporting events. ... Antitrust issues arise from the conflict between the athlete's interests and the teams and league's interests. ... From an antitrust perspective, the team wants the freedom to restrict player intere...

  • Word Count: 2213
  • Approx Pages: 9
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

4. Business Law

The claims that General Cigar Holdings had against the defendant include attempted monopolization, monopoly leveraging, unreasonable restraint of trade, violations of the Florida Antitrust act of 1980, tying full-line forcing, trademark infringement violations, violations of the Florida Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act, violations of common law unfair competition law, and violations of common law interference with prospective business relations. ... The court dismissed the claims that the defendant was violating the Florida Antitrust Act for the same reasons that they dismissed the at...

  • Word Count: 605
  • Approx Pages: 2
  • Grade Level: High School

5. Analysis of Microsoft Antitrust Case

The Department of Justice and nineteen U.S. states filed an antitrust case against Microsoft on May 18, 1998. ... But that is exactly what the antitrust laws are designed to promote (Presspass 2004)."" Anti-trust laws help to maintain fair competition within the economy. ... The plaintiffs are the real "robber barons" in the realm of antitrust (Salsman, 1995). ... It may have been close, but aggressive competition is still part of a free market and within the law. ...

  • Word Count: 1149
  • Approx Pages: 5
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School

6. FTC Plans to Launch Antitrust Investigation Into Google

Google's ability to innovate has allowed it to far surpass its rival companies prompting the FTC to launch a massive antitrust investigation into the Internet company (Huffington Post). ... Like Microsoft, Google is now realizing the downfall of its widespread success; significant market share brings the scrutiny of antitrust watchdogs (Huffington Post). ... "Google is the next generation of Microsoft in that it has created a trusted corporate environment where we relinquish control, autonomy, privacy to a benevolent corporate overload," said Jonathan Askin, a professor at the Brookly...

  • Word Count: 1322
  • Approx Pages: 5
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

7. Microsoft a Monopoly?

Along with Microsoft, I agree that the antitrust laws need revision. The antitrust acts are laws that maintain by legal means a competitive economic environment. ... Unfortunately the antitrust laws make success a crime because the only way to legally achieve high market share and profit under free enterprise is to perform brilliantly in terms of creativity and effective marketing. ... This shows that the antitrust laws can let a failing business conquer a successful business. ... It is clear that the antitrust laws need revision. ...

  • Word Count: 759
  • Approx Pages: 3

8. Sherman

Sherman Antitrust Act The Sherman Antitrust Act was the first act passed 1890 by the U.S. ... Due to its performance, many different states passed similar laws. These laws in the other states were limited to intrastate businesses. ... Posner, Anti-Trust Law (1976); R. ... He studied law, was admitted (1844) to the bar, and practiced law several years in Mansfield, Ohio, before he moved (1853) to Cleveland. ...

  • Word Count: 980
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School

9. Problems With Monopolies

It seems to me that he believes that the Sherman Act antitrust laws were legislated at a time when there was no real need to have such a law but since it was enacted, the number of economists associated with monopoly regulation and enforcement has grown dramatically even though there is no empirical evidence to prove its efficiency. ... Gradually, antitrust law enforcement shifted to control of cartels and other conspiracies to restrict trade. This, in part explains why antitrust laws were more popular since this kind of behavior could not be defended under any condition of free markets or o...

  • Word Count: 956
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

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