When examining the American Civil War, and the subsequent period of Reconstruction that occurred after the war, one must determine that the Reconstruction was not a success, although Lincoln might have made a good president, and the Industrial revolution began after the American Civil War. The New South had difficulty coping with its status. Reconstruction began in the slaveholding areas of the state where Confederate sentiments were strong. Throughout these rehearsals, emancipated African-Americans prevailed with a lack of concern for their fate; although they were freed, they were still denied most basic rights such as citizenship and voting. Once the Blacks were free, there was little work to be had by them, resulting in their relying on theft and other criminal activity.
After the Civil War ended in the 1860's, Republicans in the north began reconstructing the union. The main goals for the north were to bring the southern confederate states back into the union and to somewhat punish them. Goals of the (white) southerners were to keep newly freed blacks from becoming equal with them, because the 13th amendment had just been passed, putting an end to slavery. Finally, goals of the newly freed blacks were mainly focused on equality with white Americans. Because of these conflicts in goals, the failure to bring complete equal rights to all newly freed blacks during the reconstruction of the 1860's and 70's was mainly due to the social war between the northern and southern white Americans.
When Lincoln was assassinated and Johnson took his place as president in the White House, the Civil Rights Act came into effect. Because it basically said that newly freed blacks in the south were now US citizens, white southerners began using things like black codes to keep segregation between white and black Americans. Johnson vetoed the CRA, so congress passed the 14th amendment. Washington wanted the blacks to slowly gain education in literacy and complete equality, whereas DuBois wanted immediate action among blacks.
