At the same time there is in our nature a basic desire to pose these questions. When, for example, we ask whether the universe has always existed, we are asking about a totality of which we ourselves are a tiny part. We can therefore never completely know this totality.
According to Kant there are two elements that contribute to our knowledge of the world - sensory perception and reason. The material of our knowledge comes to us through the senses, but this material must conform to the attributes of reason.
When we wonder where the world came from, however - and then discuss possible answers - reason is in a sense on hold. It has no sensory material to process, no experience to make use of, because we have never experienced the whole of the great reality of which we are a tiny part.
In such weighty questions as to the nature of reality, Kant showed that there will always be two contrasting viewpoints that are equally likely or unlikely, depending on what our reason tells us.
It is just as meaningful to say that the world must have had a beginning in time as to say that it had no such beginning. Reason cannot decide between them. We can allege that the world has always existed, but can anything always have existed if there was never any beginning? So now we are forced to adopt the opposite view.
Both possibilities are equally problematic. Yet it seems one of them must be right and the other wrong.
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Hume's scepticism with regard to what reason and the senses can tell us forced Kant to think through many of life's important questions again. He was especially interested in ethics.
For Hume it was neither our reason nor our experience that determined the difference between right and wrong. It was simply our sentiments. This was too tenuous a basis for Kant, who had always felt that the difference between right and wrong was a matter of reason, not sentiment. In this he agreed with the rationalists, who said the ability to distinguish between right and wrong is inherent in human reason.
According to Kant, morality is a priori. ... Central to Kant's theory of morality is deontology that is duty-based ethics. Kant said, "An action done from duty must be wholly exclude the influence of inclination". ... Kant said "to deviate from the principle of duty is beyond all doubt wicked". ... Kant formulates what he calls the Categorical Imperative. ...
According to Kant, morality is a priori. ... Central to Kant's theory of morality is deontology that is duty-based ethics. Kant said, "An action done from duty must be wholly exclude the influence of inclination". ... Kant said "to deviate from the principle of duty is beyond all doubt wicked". ... Kant formulates what he calls the Categorical Imperative. ...
In this paper, I will examine what the transcendental schema is, and how Kant explains it. ... Kant opens up the Schematism by restating that there needs to be a medium through which the a priori concepts can relate to intuitions. ... In proving this, Kant must naturally show how the categories can relate to intuition. ... However, Kant goes on to state the exact time determinations, made possible by the imagination, of the categories. ... Kant's whole notion of the categories would be useless if he cannot find a way to supply the categories with intuitions. ...
That is why I have chosen to do my final paper on Immanuel Kant. ... In one box were a few books about Immanuel Kant. ... Immanuel Kant was born in 1724 in Konigsberg, East Prussia. ... This is where Kant determined effectiveness to be prudential. ... Thus, Kant derived what is known as the categorical imperative. ...
Critically discuss Kant's understanding of freedom. ... The main purpose of this essay is to critically discuss Kant's understanding of freedom. ... I will begin by briefly, explain Kant's main arguments in "Critique of Pure Reason" that link to his idea on freedom and then critically discuss what shows Kant's to be wrong, regarding freedom. ... Note from the extract above, Kant compare freedom as nature. ... Kant says, "we could not prove freedom to be something actual in ourselves and in human nature. ...
Part A Kant's description of Enlightenment as "man's emergence from his self-incurred immaturity" is a somewhat pertinent definition, solidifying the quintessential ideas of Enlightenment to a certain degree in a brief sentence. ... Kant also outlines the fact that man's self-incurred immaturity is partially as a result of his reluctance to independence. "I need not make any effort at all" In this part of this article, Kant explains how a great degree of our lives involves being dependent upon others to provide, and function for us. ... In the article, Kant also articu...
This subjective deduction is just one the strategies Kant uses to make his point. ... Here Kant demonstrates the a priori nature of space and time. ... Kant states that this is a condition that s fundamental to what follows. ... Kant uses an example of counting. ... Kant also speaks of pure concepts of understanding as the a priori grounds....
The Categorical Imperative has been the subject of debate since Kant first wrote his moral works. ... Duncan's answer to his first question is that "Kant himself appears to speak as if there were only three:- Two passages of the groundwork suggest that Kant himself intended there to be three subsidiary principles and the supreme moral principle. ... Kant insists in several places in his doctrine that the imperative must be categorical and not hypothetical. ... But isn't Kant really using the Formula Ia, not Formula I, in these examples? ... So, it seems clear that Kant is using t...
(notes) Kant view is that animals instruments for us to use. ... Kant's criterion for moral status is based on rationality. ... I agree with Kant about our moral duties to animals. ... Singer objects to Kant and would surely object to my views. ... I fully side with Kant on this issue. ...
Why does Kant reject the notion that man's end is happiness, or even survival? ... How does Kant's treatment of generosity differ from Hume's? Under what conditions does a generous act have "moral content" for Kant? ... Kant defines duty as "necessity of an action out of respect for law." ... In what circumstances, for Kant, might one lie? ...
