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Richard Strauss


            Strauss was born in Munich, Germany in 1864. He lived to the old age of 85 until he peacefuly died in his home in 1949. Strauss began composing music at the early age of 6. He was taught by his father, an accomplished horn player, and was also self-taught. His early pieces, including a violin concerto, string quartet, and a symphony were not very popular and showed some serious problems. However, Strauss was only in his teens when he wrote these and each piece showed increasing mastery. His first concerto for horn, composed in 1883, and a piano quartet, composed a year later were among Strauss's finest works during this period. After beginning his conducting career, Strauss was converted to the School of Fransz Liszt and Richard Wagner by composer and poet, Alexander Ritter. This was when Strauss was drawn into the world of Syphonic Poems, or "Tone Poems", as he called them. A tone poem is a piece which is ment to portray a particular story, scene, or mood. Strauss became famous for Don Juan, a tone poem he composed in 1889. In it, he found his artistic self, particularily the creation of amazing orchestral effects previously unheard-of by the listener, which was to occupy him throughout his career. In addition to Don Juan, Strauss composed 9 more succesful tone poems throughout his life. After his huge success in the tone poem world, Strauss decided to test out the opera world, which ended up being another success for him. His first two operas flopped. However, Strauss's Salome, caused a sensation with its increased chromaticism and tension. His next opera, Elektra, stretched things a little too far and gave Strauss the reputation of an awful modernist. Strauss immediately retreated to mainstream, late-romantic idiom for his next operas, which were highly praised. After composing 10 tone poems, 15 operas, and more than 150 lieder, Strauss composed his final work in 1948, appropriately titled "Four Last Songs".


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