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Influenza


            
             Influenza - An acute contagious viral infection characterized by inflammation of the respiratory tract by fever, chills, muscular pain, and prostration.
             Fever - Abnormally high body temperature.
             Chills - A moderate but penetrating coldness.
             Prostration- Total exhaustion or weakness.
             Pneumonia - an acute or chronic disease marked by the inflammation of the lungs, and caused by viruses, bacteria, or microorganisms. Sometimes can be caused by chemical or physical irritants. .
             Influenza viruses belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family. The word "Flu" is a slang term, that applies to many types of viral gastroenteritis, such as stomach or intestinal flu. These are not really related to the true respiratory influenza caused by the influenza virus. Influenza is not the same thing as the common cold. People often miss more work or school when they have influenza then they would with any other viral illness. The "flu" could be remembered as one of the worst illnesses a person has had.
             Sometimes with influenza the infection doesn't go away, but instead leads to a bacterial infection, such as an ear infection, sinus infection, or bronchitis. At home treatment is the best way to prevent these. A more serious complication is pneumonia it may develop in some people. The elderly and those with immune systems that don't work properly are at more of a risk of death caused by pneumonia.
             Influenza is a single stand RNA in 8 pieces. Usually, the influenza virus is spherical and 100nm in diameter, although they do display a lot of variation in their size. The virus particles contain nine different structural proteins in the form of nucleoproteins. There are three large proteins that are bound to the viral ribonucleoprotein. These are responsible for RNA transcription and replication of the virus. Influenza virus enters the host cells by a process of membrane fusion. This may occur at the cell plasma membrane or within the endocytic vacuolar system.


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