Nowadays astrology is based on a work of two prolific medieval scientists - Ptolemy and Copernicus. These men have developed who main theories which became a basis for our space science and physics overall. Though the theories were genius from the viewpoint of that time, now we can see that both had strong drawbacks that did not correctly described universe movement.
It is well-known today that the sun is the center of the solar system and many people consider this knowledge obvious. However, if we would look from a history perspective the sun-centered (heliocentric) concept was slow to evolve. "In the 2nd century ad, Claudius Ptolemy proposed a model of the universe with the earth at the center (geocentric). His model depicts the earth as stationary with the planets, moon, and sun moving around it in small, circular orbits called epicycles." (Toomer, p. 187) Ptolemy's system was accepted by astronomers and religious thinkers alike for several hundred years. Ptolemy's earliest and most famous work, originally written in Greek, was translated into Arabic as al-Majisti (Great Work). In Europe, medieval Latin translations reproduced the title as Almagesti, and it has since become known simply as the Almagest. (Toomer, p.p. 190-191) In this work, Ptolemy proposed a geometric theory to account mathematically for the apparent motions and positions of the planets, sun, and moon against a background of unmoving stars. This work did not include any physical descriptions of objects in space.
Ptolemy based his theory by accepting the generally held understanding that the earth did not move and was the center of the universe. For philosophical reasons stars and planets were considered to move continuously in perfectly circular orbits. Ptolemy proposed that the planets, sun, and moon moved in small circles around much larger circles, in which the earth was a center. By doing this, he made his theory to fit most of the observations done by astronomers of that time.
