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The Pyramids of Egypt and Ziggurats of Mesopotamia


The base perimeter has been interpreted as representative of the distance measured between each degree of latitude at earth's equator. The height represents the polar radius of the earth. (note source) Interior chambers of the pyramids are accessed by a series of ascending interior passageways. With their amazing engineering capabilities, the Egyptians attempted to protect the sacred chambers inside with immense granite slabs that would seal the entryway after the chamber was occupied.
             The design of the ziggurat is not considered to be nearly as complex as that of the pyramids. The ziggurats were temples built atop ascending rectangular tiers of fired clay bricks and rubble. The earliest ziggurats were only slightly elevated above their surroundings. The later versions are estimated to have risen to well above two hundred feet in height. (npte source) The design of the ziggurats is that of a roughly stepped pyramid with terraces on each ascending tier where a garden may have pushed out over its edges. The ziggurats were regularly rebuilt, one on top of the other. The temples would be pushed over and a new structure formed on top of the debris. Along with the ruble, all sorts of items were put into the mound by anyone who sought the favor of the gods. The end result elevated the temple nearer to the gods and set it further apart from the common structures below. The bricks made for each new reconstruction would often be stamped with information about the ruler who had commissioned the renovation. Usually, but not always, a steep staircase on the face of the ziggurat provided access to the temple at the top.
             The tiers of the ziggurat and the temple itself were often decorated with mosaics composed of fired clay cones. These cones would have colored glazes on the bottom of the base and would be inserted, point first, into plastered walls to form a mosaic. In some constructions, the outer bricks were also glazed in color.


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