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An Insight into the Aerobic & Anaerobic Capacities of Elite

The body needs a constant supply of energy in order to perform everyday tasks such as respiration. When people exercise the body's intake of energy increases and the efficiency in which the body supply's it is one of the major factors when determining an athlete's performance. A human body has to be able to deal with many different situations when producing energy, for example during a 100m sprint a vast amount of energy is needed and this may only be used for 10secs for an elite athlete. But whereas long distance runner may also need a vast amount of energy but over a pro-longed period of time so energy requirements can be very sports specific. It is important to say that not everyone releases energy at the same rate. Some people are physiologically more efficient at releasing energy. .
             Molecular bonds provide very little energy when broken down so food is not used directly when energy is needed, instead it's the energy in food molecules bonds is chemically released within the cells then stored in a high energy compound called adenosine triphosphate or ATP. This is the immediate source in which the body acts upon when it wants energy. ATP consists of a base of adenine and three molecules of phosphoric acid. The bonds that hold the compound together are the source of quite a lot of energy Costil (1994) states about 7.6 kcalÌmole of ATP.
             It is when a bond between one of the phosphoric acid molecules is broken down that the energy is released. This is called a exothermic reaction because it releases energy. In the body there is an enzyme that breaks down the bond that creates this reaction its called ATPase. ATP is broken down into Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a single free phosphate (P) and releasing stored energy. Shown below.
             ATP ADP + P + Energy.
             .
             To re create ATP an endothermic reaction is needed to reform the bonds between the molecules, energy is needed so.


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