A physician named Daniel Rutherford discovered nitrogen in Scotland in 1772. It was studied by other chemists around the same time but they called it air without oxygen or it was also known as "burnt or dephlogisticated air."" French chemist Antoine Laurent Lavoisier recognized nitrogen as an elemental gas around 1776. Nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and nontoxic gas. It makes up about 78% of the air on Earth, by volume, which makes it the most plentiful element in the atmosphere. Earth's atmosphere is made up of more than 4000 trillion tons of nitrogen. Nitrogen can be obtained from the atmosphere by passing air over heated copper or iron, which removes oxygen and leaves nitrogen and mixed gases. Pure nitrogen is obtained from liquefied air through a process known as fractional distillation because nitrogen has a lower boiling point than oxygen and can distill off first so it can be collected.
The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. It is in period 2 and group 15 on the periodic table of elements and nitrogen is a nonmetal. Nitrogen's atomic mass is 14.0067 and it is a gas at room temperature. It has five valence electrons and seven electrons overall. It can be condensed into a colorless liquid, or compressed into a colorless, crystalline solid. Nitrogen's melting point is at -210.01 C (-346.02F), and its boiling point is at -195.79 C (-320.42 F).
Nitrogen has many uses such as in foods, fertilizers, poisons, and explosives. It is important to plant nutrition because certain bacteria in the soil convert nitrogen into a form that can be absorbed by plants, a process known as nitrogen fixation, so it is commonly used in fertilizers. It can be important to animals in the form of protein. Ammonia (NH3) is nitrogen's most important commercial compound, and is produced using the Haber process in which large amounts of nitrogen are combined with hydrogen to form ammonia.
Balogh Concept Chemistry 5 ∘, 6 ∘ October 16, 2003 My Favorite Element: Nitrogen (N) Nitrogen is a Group 15 element, has an atomic mass of 14.0, and an atomic number of seven. ... Nitrogen gas is colorless, odorless, and generally inert. ... In 1772, Daniel Rutherford discovered Nitrogen. ... Nitrogen is used for freezing food and transporting it. ... But, the largest use of nitrogen is for the production of ammonia (NH3). ...
Nitrogen has the unique properties of both carbon and phosphorus. The difference is plants and animals cannot absorb nitrogen in it pure state. ... The nitrogen then follows the classic energy-flow pattern from producers to herbivores to carnivores and finally to decomposers. The nitrogen waste is released as bacteria in the soil. ... In the case of nitrogen the development of nitrogen, based fertilizers have created a new produce instead of the natural nitrogen. ...
Animals get nitrogen through the consumption of plants. Plants get there nitrogen through a process in which certain organisms turn nitrogen into the 2 usable forms for a plant, ammonium and nitrate. Legumes have nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules. These nitrogen-fixing bacteria take nitrogen and convert it to a usable form for the legume. ... In aquatic ecosystems some cyanobacteria fix nitrogen. ...
Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus all play a big role in our environment and how things prosper or not. ... Nitrogen (N) is an essential component to living organisms, fourth behind oxygen, carbon and hydrogen. ... The nitrogen cycle is a complex one. ... The standard measurement for analyzing the global nitrogen cycle is the teragram (Tg), which is equal to a million metric tons of nitrogen. ... Lawn fertilizer contains nitrogen and phosphorus for both the roots and green growth. ...
Nitrogen produces proteins that all living things require. ... About 78% of the atmosphere is nitrogen. ... All living things require nitrogen to make proteins. For nitrogen to be useful, the nitrogen must first be converted into a nitrate. ... In this case, the released nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere and the nitrogen cycle is complete. ...
The narcosis develops with an increasing nitrogen partial pressure. ... Nitrogen is one of the main components of air (78%). ... When a diver starts breathing air under pressure, more nitrogen will dissolve until a new, higher nitrogen level is established. At this level, the partial nitrogen pressure in the blood and tissue is the same as the partial nitrogen pressure in the air. ... However, when there is too much nitrogen surplus and the diver surfaces too quickly, nitrogen is forming small bubbles in the blood and in the tissue. ...
Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus all play a big role in our environment and how things prosper or not. ... Nitrogen (N) is an essential component to living organisms, fourth behind oxygen, carbon and hydrogen. ... The nitrogen cycle is a complex one. ... The standard measurement for analyzing the global nitrogen cycle is the teragram (Tg), which is equal to a million metric tons of nitrogen. ... Lawn fertilizer contains nitrogen and phosphorus for both the roots and green growth. ...
