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Armana Style


             Amenhotep IV was the revolutionary eighteenth dynasty pharaoh of Egypt. Amenhotep IV made many changes in the way Egyptians worshipped religiously and the way they view art that completely went against the grain of Egyptian culture during the previous seventeen hundred years (Lorenz, Akhenaten). Amenhotep IV took the reign of Pharaoh around 1353 B.C. from his father, Amenhotep III (Armana Style). The previous rulers of Egypt worshipped religiously under a polytheistic system, which is the worship of many different gods. The pharaohs worshipped many gods, but the primary god was Amun. Amun was known as the "god of universal power" and had many temples dedicated in his honor (Gods and Goddesses). The Temples of Hatshepsut and Luxor were both dedicated in his honor. There came a point when the priests of Amun grew into such power that the power of the pharaoh was threatened. No one knows for sure what the reason was for Amenhotep IV to do what he did, but there is and always will be speculation until hard evidence presents itself. Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhenaten, which means "Effective for the Aten", and closed the Amun temples while moving his capital to central Egypt (Janson). He then changed the religious views of Egypt by proclaiming his faith to one god, Aten the sun-disk, and making him the almighty god. Akhenaten's changes would only hold until his death in 1332 B.C., but the impact would be felt for many years later. .
             Akhenaten founded what is known as the Armana Style of artwork. This artwork can be broken down into two periods, the Early Period and the Late Period. The reason for the division is the sculptors Akhenaten had working. The master sculptor Bek, who was taught by Akhenaten, was the primary artist during the Early Period (Lorenz, The Art). The Early Period saw a drastic change from traditional Egyptian artwork. Previous Egyptian artwork presented people with ideal, perfect human physiques.


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