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From Swords and Spear to Rifling and Breach Loaders


The galleys were equipped with rams and corvus" to engage the enemy ships. There were many limitations to these marines and weapon systems. The type of weapon the marines had and the type of naval weapon systems provided the need to engage the enemy at extremely close proximity. The most typical form of engaging the enemy was to either ram their ship in an attempt to sink it or in an attempt to entangle the ships to allow the marines to do battle. Another way to allow the marines to board and battle the enemy other than using the ram was to use the corvus which was invented and used very effectively by the Romans. The corvus would catch and trap the other ship allowing the marines to board and engage the enemy. The only ways to do battle in these times were by the exchange of primitive projectiles and marine boarding tactics. The sea power tactics created by these weapon systems and marines were that of ramming and boarding. Line Abreast formations were used as well as other tactics.
             As the propulsion of naval vessels advanced so did naval weapon systems and marines. The last battle of the age of galleys occurred in 1571, it was the battle of Lepanto. This battle signified the continuing evolution of sea power and another evolution was about to occur. The cannon, a weapon that shoots ball projectiles, was mounted on the front of galleys to supplement naval infantry. This meant that ships could engage each other from greater distances than before and not have to worry primarily about being boarded by marines. The start of the sixteenth century also brought about change in the propulsion of naval vessels. The switch to the age of sail from oar propulsion began to occur. As this switch to full sail began to occur, merchant ships began to venture further out to sea. Due to typically high seas and poor weather the galley was found ineffective, and evolved into the caravel and then into the galleon.


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