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Knowledge of sociology and psychology of education is import


There are different stages that every child has to go through and at each stage, his or her behaviour, thinking and feeling change over time. For example, an older student can solve a difficult calculus question and behave well in class compared to the younger one. The teacher will be able to understand how and why this happen with their psychology knowledge and thus, incorporate their teaching plan according to the students" characteristics and needs to realise the objectives of their lesson. Seifert claims that,.
             "All stage theories assume that children go through a fixed sequence of behaviours or skills during their development and that each stage incorporates skills from all of the preceding stages. Individuals vary only in how quickly they move through the stages, not in the sequencing itself." (1986, p.10).
             With this, it shows that every student is different and has their own personality. Individual differences may have something to do with their interest and even intelligence or aptitude. Some students may be slower than their peers of the same age. Therefore, the teacher will need the knowledge to adjust his or her teaching to meet the requirement of these students. Psychology of education also helps the teacher to understand the process of learning. Melvin H. Marx defines learning as "learning is a relatively enduring change in behaviour which is a function of prior behaviour (usually called practice)." (Chauhan, 1988 .p. 117) Teachers need to learn the basic concepts or theories about learning process that occurs in every child. Through the psychology of learning, he or she can understand the individual differences among the students. For example, some students may learn better through rote learning or reinforcement while some others may learn by insight where they need to perceive all the relevant parts of a problem before insight or understanding can occur to solve the problems.


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