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Carnage at Passendaele


This tactic rarely worked as fortifications were built to withstand such intense bombing, as well in the case of the Allied army, a majority of their bombs were duds, badly constructed and ineffective. As what had become a custom of allied strategy, a major bombardment was planned eight days before the battle would begin. The expectation of the bombardment was too completely knock out German trenches, enabling allied troops to cross no mans land and capture the German front lines. Not only did these expectations fall short, but also ten minutes before the troops were to go over the top, a mine exploded ten minutes too early. This took out all elements of any surprise attack. At seven thirty am on July 1st British troops attacked the waiting Germans, and with the bombardment a huge failure by not cutting any barbed wire, over fifty eight thousand British soldiers were killed or wounded on only the first day of fighting. Fierce fighting continued for months, before Haig thought that the Germans were on the brink of exhaustion, so he continued the offensive at Somme until November when bad weather caused the stoppage of the second battle of Ypres. The allied troops only advanced twelve kilometers, costing the British an estimated four hundred and twenty thousand casualties, well the Germans casualties were estimated at over five hundred thousand. During this battle certain policies were taken up, Allied and German troops both rose an hour before dawn to guard against an early attack. Even though both sides adopted this policy, most attacks were timed at dawn; this shows the stupidity of Generals and other commanding officers. The Somme was fought to take away pressure from the French in Verdun. Many people criticized Haig for taking such a major offensive and suffering many casualties. I believe that if he had not fought the battle of the Somme that Germany would have captured Verdun and eventually France.


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