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China and the Han Dynasty


Towards the end of their empire the territory began to recede, as the government was unable to support an adequate army. The population decreased and the Romans could not sustain enough troops needed to defend against the threatening nomadic groups specifically the Germanic tribes. When the maintenance of their territory failed, the government additionally lost revenue that was previously collected from these outer provinces. This decreased income contributed to the already difficult task of keeping a strong army as the government could not afford the few fighters that remained. This land was also a major source of the Romans" recruitment of slaves. The Roman economy was based upon slavery hence their economic state continued to weaken from this loss of workers. The Romans lost a substantial amount of order from an economic system that weakened as opposed to the Han dynasty that was more politically reliant on their centralized bureaucracy as a source of order. The corruption of the government proved to be more detrimental in the Han defense against nomads in comparison to the Roman Empire where the economy and physical maintenance of the army was more the problem. As a series of emperors failed to follow through the earlier customs of Chinese doctrine, political fragmentation transpired as a feudal state resembling that of the earlier warring states period surfaced. This decentralization caused the Han dynasty to weaken and easily defeated by the nomadic Huns. Correspondingly the Romans break down of their important extensive empire was primarily the reason why the Germanic tribes defeated them. .
             Although there were political similarities in the declines of these empires, there were differences in the social causes. As taxes skyrocketed in the Roman Empire, peasants were forced to work under the more powerful landlords or simply underwent poverty and disease. The rising landowners that welcomed these desperate peasants became their own independent economic units foreshadowing the arrival of manorialism in the latter Middle Ages.


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