A crystal is a solid made-up of chemical elements. Chemical elements are composed of atoms and molecules. The atoms or molecules make-up all matter. .
The minerals in crystals all grow the same way. The particles of chemical elements have cohesion (attraction) to each other, which allows all the chemical particles to fit together. Atoms in minerals, which have patterns, are called crystalline. If there is no pattern to the crystal formation, then the substance is called non-crystalline, or amorphous.
Crystallography is the study of the outside form of crystals with its relation to chemistry and/or spatial arrangement. This study of the crystal state relates to many fields of employment; some include: biochemistry, engineering, metals, ceramics and synthetic gem production.
There are many different properties of minerals, which can be used to determine the identity of a mineral.
Some of the ways are:.
Cleavage- a minerals tendency to break along a smooth surface.
Fracture- the opposite of cleavage, a fracture is an uneven break.
Hardness- a minerals resistance to being scratched (determined by the "Mohs' Hardness .
Scale-) see Table 1.
Streak- the colour of the powder left behind when rubbed against a rough surface, harder .
than the mineral .
Colour- an aid to identifying a mineral but can also cause confusion.
Lustre- refers to the way minerals reflect light .
.
Some other properties and characteristics for identifying minerals are:.
.
Magnetism- when a mineral has a magnetic pull.
Odour- there are quite a few minerals with odours, but it is not usually strong unless the .
mineral has been struck, or freshly excavated.
Feel- minerals that have a distinctive feel are usually low in hardness, but not always.
Fluorescence- when ultraviolet light reacts with chemicals in a mineral and causes it to .
glow.
Taste- sometimes a very good characteristic and a key to identification .
Of course I would have to invite Crystal. ... But Crystal would not be there. ... He recognized all the girls I had named except Crystal's. ... Crystal did not say anything but I could tell by her face she was upset. Me and Crystal did not speak much after that day. ...
Crystal, my 16-year-old daughter, is obsessed with the color black. ... It got so bad that she finally started accusing Crystal of being gothic and into devil worshipping. ... Although Crystal has light brown hair and no body piercings, when she is with her friends she is treated as a freak. One day Crystal was in Wal-Mart with two of her friends. ... Crystal makes fairly good grades in her English class, but I don't see how. ...
Crystal, my 16-year-old daughter, is obsessed with the color black. ... It got so bad that she finally started accusing Crystal of being gothic and into devil worshipping. ... Although Crystal has light brown hair and no body piercings, when she is with her friends she is treated as a freak. One day Crystal was in Wal-Mart with two of her friends. ... Crystal makes fairly good grades in her English class, but I don't see how. ...
- Glass was also used ( see Crystal Palace) It was very fashionable and very cheap and it could be found in many houses than previously - Matches were new and were called " Lucifer matches " - Steel pens and envelops were also new - Stamp was also new. ... Ex: The word "nature "used by the Economist The Crystal Palace It was so symbolical of the days. ... Conceived by Prince Albert, the Great Exhibition was held in Hyde Park in London in the specially constructed Crystal Palace. The Crystal Palace was originally designed by Sir Joseph Paxton in only 10 days and was a huge iron ...
Liquid Crystal Displays Liquid crystal display technology has integrated itself into many facets of our daily lives. ... To understand what a liquid crystal display is we must first understand what liquid crystals are. ... Liquid crystals have the properties of both liquids and crystals. ... Since liquid crystals can be affected by electricity a particular nematic liquid crystal, called twisted nematics is used. ... Since liquid crystals cannot generate light of their own, most liquid crystal computer displays are backlit with fluorescent tubes. ...
In the book The Crystal Cave Mary Stewart makes the reader see that Merlin is not just a magician, he is first and foremost a man. ... (The Crystal Cave pg. 2) Mary Stewart describes this scene so well that the reader can actually see the mist rising up the trees and into the forest. ... The noise, the clash and shouting, even the smell of sweat and blood mingled (Crystal Cave pg.373.) ... (Crystal Cave pg.7) Merlin is constantly ridiculed for what he had no control over, but he doesn't care, he likes to be alone and in the darkness. ... The Crystal Cave is an exciting, riveting novel tha...
c) Weigh the evaporating dish and approximately 1 gram of copper sulphate crystals. d) Gently heat the copper sulphate crystals in the evaporating dish, until they appear to be white (If heated too much, the crystals will break down further and turn yellow.) e) Take the evaporating dish away from the heat with the tongs, and weigh the evaporating dish containing the now white crystals. ... Variables- The first variable will be the amount of hydrated copper sulphate crystals used at the start. ... The one worse result (38%) could have been attained by heating the crystals for to...
First of all, let us figure out what a Photonic band-gap crystal is. ... Well, this is the same dilemma that faces the electron and the PBG crystals. ... That is what the PBG crystals can accomplish. ... Johnson states another item that the PBG crystal is able to eliminate. ... The PBG crystals use laser light, which in nearly all cases, is perfect. ...
