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The Joy Luck Club - Chinese Migration


As she proudly sits watching Waverly defeat opponents one by one, Lindo publicly ascribes Waverly's victories to luck. Lindo is opposed to allowing Waverly to play in any chess tournaments. With the passage of time, however, Lindo's attitudes change. She allows Waverly to have her own bedroom and to be excused for not finishing supper so as to enhance the chess practice sessions. This eventually evolves to a point where, to Waverly's great embarrassment, Lindo openly introduces Waverly to strangers as "my daughter, Wave-ly Jong." A process that began under the mother's guidelines of Chinese cultural values ended with the roles reversed - the daughter was embarrassed by her mother's American-style ambition and overt pride.
             Lindo believes that she tried to teach Waverly to take advantage of American circumstances while also trying to teach her to hide her own thoughts and feelings ("the art of invisible strength") so as to be able to take advantage of hidden opportunities and other dignified attributes of the Chinese character. Having tried, Lindo feels she ultimately failed to convey these attributes to her daughter, believing that Waverly is "all American-made." Yet Waverly's ascendance as a national chess champion is fueled in large measure by the drive, strength and concentration - all desirable Chinese characteristics - she derived from her mother. Only later does Lindo recognize the extent to which Waverly's character was built upon Lindo's circumstances - the flood, divorce and war; and finally migration to the United Sates and adjustment to a new world. Waverly uses the Chinese values instilled in her by her mother as tools to convince her mother to permit the emergence of an American lifestyle. Waverly changes her mother's mind about playing in chess tournaments by saying in a small voice that she does not want to play in tournaments, that the tournaments would have American rules.


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