World is made of men and women. They are the two pieces of a puzzle without which life would be impossible. What is it exactly that makes the division between men and women? Scientifically, one responsible factor is a proper chromosome. But the truth is that it is not so much the matter of physical appearance as the matter of one's psyche. There are also many other factors that actually shape one's personality, one's gender. To these we can include upbringing, socialization, pressure of competitiveness in the world. .
Sociologically, gender roles describe the behaviors and responsibilities prescribed for each sex by a given society. However, ideas of "appropriate" behavior according to gender vary between cultures, although some aspects are more widespread than others. For example, in most current and known historical cultures, martial combat has been seen as mostly (or only) appropriate for men, while child-rearing has been seen as mostly (or only) the domain of women. .
Other aspects, however, may differ markedly with time and place. In pre-industrial Europe,for example, the practice of medicine (other than midwifery) was generally seen as a male prerogative. However, in Russia health care was more often seen as a feminine role. The results of these views can be seen in modern society, where European medicine is most often practiced by men, while the majority of Russian doctors are women. .
The question, however, is: "What is, exactly, gender?".
Depending on the context in which it is used, the idea of gender is often confused with sex and, less often, with sexual orientation. However, gender is a distinct category that describes particular human characteristics. The most important thing about gender is that its meaning is created by society: people are expected to behave and express themselves in certain ways that are consistent with the socially pre-determined gender role associated with their sex.