The Peloponnesian War was responsible for political revolutions and the forcible transfer of some entire populations.1 The Peloponnesian War was fought by the ancient Greek city-states of Athens and Sparta from 431 to 404 B.C.E. Athens" greed to dominate more Greek states forced Sparta to attack Athens, who feared Athens would become a powerful ruler. Alcibiades and his evil antics to become popular and famous were major causes of the decline of the "Golden Age." The period from 477 to 431 B.C.E., called the "Golden Age," was the most brilliant in Athenian history. During this time, Athens was led by the great statesman Pericles. He increased Athens power in Greece and reformed its government. The "Golden Age" was the highest peak that the Athenian empire would reach. The causes of the fall and the decline of the "Golden Age" of Athens were the Peloponnesian War, Athens" greed for power, and the bad decisions made by Alcibiades. .
The Peloponnesian War was a major cause of the fall of the "Golden Age" of Athens because Athens lost its power to Sparta in the war. Athens led its powerful empire into the Peloponnesian War in 431 B.C.E. and lost to Sparta and their allies.2 Sparta became the most powerful Greek state and Athens lost its political leadership after the Peloponnesian War.3 The war lasted for twenty-seven years and ended with the complete overthrow of the Athenian empire.4 The Peloponnesian War was a war of minor clashes between Sparta and Athens, but they both thought war was unavoidable until the surrender of Athens. The Peloponnesian War was a major participant in the decline of the Athenian empire because it destroyed the powerful Athenian empire. The Ionian War was from 413 to 404 B.C.E. Sparta gained Persia's support, helped subjects of Athens revolt, and forced Athens to surrender, ending in victory for Sparta. The Athenian empire was forced to decline into a provincial Greek state after being overthrown by Sparta during the Peloponnesian War.