There has been a recent scare in the United States, with a certain biological weapon known as anthrax. Anthrax is a disease caused by a type of bacteria called Bacillus anthracis. The germ produces infectious spores that can survive in the environment for years. It is most often found in grass-eating animals because the animals can eat the spores that are living in the soil. This disease can be disastrous to humans, by touching spores from infected animals or by inhaling spores that are in the air. There are three forms of anthrax: cutaneous, gastrointestinal, or inhalation.
The first and least harmful type of anthrax is cutaneous anthrax. This type occurs when you come in contact with an infected anima. It starts out with a bump, like a mosquito bite, usually on the hand. Within a few days this bump will turn into a painless, open sore with a tell-tale black center of dead tissue (Liza Jane Matlin, webMD medical news). Symptoms of cutaneous anthrax may include headache, fever, and swelling of infected areas. This form accounts for 95% of anthrax in the United States, and is easily treated with antibiotics (Effects of Anthrax Infection, Associated Press, MSNBC research). Only about 20% of victims die when this is left untreated (Liza Matlin).
The second form of anthrax is called gastrointestinal anthrax. This form of intestinal disease may follow after eating contaminated food. This is characterized by inflammation of the intestinal tract. The initial signs of the disease are nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting, and fever, then followed by abdominal pains, vomiting of blood, and severe diarrhea. This form is deadly in about 25% to 60% of those in contact but is extremely rare in humans and almost unknown in the United States (Liza Matlin).
The third and the most deadly form of anthrax is known as inhalation anthrax. Inhaling anthrax is very uncommon, but by far the most lethal.