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ADHD is not like a broken arm, or strep throat. Unlike these two disorders, ADHD does not have clear physical signs that can be seen in an x-ray or a lab test. Looking for certain characteristic behaviors can only identify ADHD. Scientists have yet to identify a single cause behind different patterns of behavior--and they may never find just one cause. Presently children and adults who are diagnosed with ADHD have displayed persisting behavior such as hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity over a period of time. .
The present study was designed to investigate what made my often-reckless childhood friend Jaroddo run into the street with cars. No matter how many times his mother explained the danger. As a result he was hit by an oncoming car, which caused him to be paralyzed.
Methods.
For decades, medications have been used to treat the symptoms of ADHD. Three medications in the class of drugs known as stimulants seem to be the most effective in both children and adults. These are methylphenidate (Ritalin), dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine or Dextrostat), and pemoline (Cylert). For many people, these medicines dramatically reduce their hyperactivity and improve their ability to focus, work, and learn. The medications may also improve physical coordination, such as handwriting and ability in sports. Recent research by NIMH suggests that these medicines may also help children with an accompanying conduct disorder to control their impulsive, destructive behaviors.
Stimulant drugs, such as Ritalin, Cylert, and Dexedrine, when used with medical supervision, are usually considered quite safe. Although they can be addictive to teenagers and adults if misused, these medications are not addictive in children. They seldom make children "high" or jittery. Nor do they sedate the child. Rather, the stimulants help children control their hyperactivity, inattention, and other behaviors.
